1 源码目录

selenium/webdriver/common/desired_capabilities.py

2 功能描述

根据测试代码中配置的DesiredCapabilities参数,来决定将测试代码分发到哪台node上进行测试;
补充知识:我们需要了解下selenium grid;

3 Selenium Grid介绍

3.1 是什么?

Selenium套件的一部分,它专门用于并行运行多个测试用例在不同的浏览器、操作系统和机器上;

Selenium Grid 主要使用 master-slaves (or hub-nodes) 理念 ,是一个 master/hub 和多个基于master/hub注册的子节点 slaves/nodes;

在master上基于不同的浏览器/系统运行测试用例时,master将会分发给适当的node运行;

3.2 什么时候用?

同时在不同的浏览器、操作系统和机器上运行测试;

用于兼容性测试;

减少运行时间。

3.3 怎么用?

启动Selenium Grid的三种方式,一种直接用命令行,另一种用JSON配置文件,最后一种docker启动。

3.3.1 命令行启动

简单说下步骤,详细的请查阅其他资料,运行hub机器为A,运行node机器为B。

配置Java环境;

浏览器;

浏览器对应的driver;

下载selenium server,将selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar,机器A和机器B上;

机器A上打开命令行,进入selenium server目录下,运行:

ava -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role hub -port 5566

浏览器输入http://localhost:5566/grid/console ;
机器B上打开命令行,进入selenium server目录下,运行:

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role node -hub http://192.168.1.100:5566/grid/register/ -port 5577

刷新http://localhost:5566/grid/console ;

运行测试脚本,将会看到在机器B上打开了Chrome浏览器,并会运行测试用例。

3.3.2 Json配置文件启动

创建hub的Json配置文件;

{  "port": 4444,  "newSessionWaitTimeout": -1,  "servlets" : [],  "withoutServlets": [],  "custom": {},  "capabilityMatcher": "org.openqa.grid.internal.utils.DefaultCapabilityMatcher",  "registry": "org.openqa.grid.internal.DefaultGridRegistry",  "throwOnCapabilityNotPresent": true,  "cleanUpCycle": 5000,  "role": "hub",  "debug": false,  "browserTimeout": 0,  "timeout": 1800}

以上代码保存为hub_config.json文件,放在 机器A上和selenium server相同的路径下;
创建nodes的 Json配置文件;

{  "capabilities":  [    {      "browserName": "firefox",      "marionette": true,      "maxInstances": 5,      "seleniumProtocol": "WebDriver"    },    {      "browserName": "chrome",      "maxInstances": 5,      "seleniumProtocol": "WebDriver"    },    {      "browserName": "internet explorer",      "platform": "WINDOWS",      "maxInstances": 1,      "seleniumProtocol": "WebDriver"    },    {      "browserName": "safari",      "technologyPreview": false,      "platform": "MAC",      "maxInstances": 1,      "seleniumProtocol": "WebDriver"    }  ],  "proxy": "org.openqa.grid.selenium.proxy.DefaultRemoteProxy",  "maxSession": 5,  "port": -1,  "register": true,  "registerCycle": 5000,  "hub": "http://这里是机器A的ip:4444",  "nodeStatusCheckTimeout": 5000,  "nodePolling": 5000,  "role": "node",  "unregisterIfStillDownAfter": 60000,  "downPollingLimit": 2,  "debug": false,  "servlets" : [],  "withoutServlets": [],  "custom": {}}

保存为node_config.json文件,放在机器B上和selenium server相同的路径下;

机器A,运行:

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role hub -hubConfig hub_config.json

机器B,运行:

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role node -nodeConfig node_config.json

3.3.3 docker启动

安装docker;

启动hub:

docker run -d -p 4444:4444 --name selenium-hub selenium/hub

启动node,比如chrome浏览器;

docker run -d --link selenium-hub:hub selenium/node-chrome

访问:http://localhost:4444/grid/console;

运行多个node:

docker run -d --link selenium-hub:hub selenium/node-chrome

关闭docker-grid的命令:

docker stop $(docker ps -a -q), docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)

注意,特别说明:关于Selenium Grid的内容参考与https://blog.csdn.net/lb245557472/article/details/91966770

4 部分源码说明

class DesiredCapabilities(object):    """    Set of default supported desired capabilities.    Use this as a starting point for creating a desired capabilities object for    requesting remote webdrivers for connecting to selenium server or selenium grid.    Usage Example::        from selenium import webdriver        selenium_grid_url = "http://198.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub"        # Create a desired capabilities object as a starting point.        capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX.copy()        capabilities['platform'] = "WINDOWS"        capabilities['version'] = "10"        # Instantiate an instance of Remote WebDriver with the desired capabilities.        driver = webdriver.Remote(desired_capabilities=capabilities,                                  command_executor=selenium_grid_url)    Note: Always use '.copy()' on the DesiredCapabilities object to avoid the side    effects of altering the Global class instance.    """    FIREFOX = {        "browserName": "firefox",        "marionette": True,        "acceptInsecureCerts": True,    }    INTERNETEXPLORER = {        "browserName": "internet explorer",        "version": "",        "platform": "WINDOWS",    }    EDGE = {        "browserName": "MicrosoftEdge",        "version": "",        "platform": "WINDOWS"    }# 剩下的源码省略

从源码看,下边均对浏览器系统等的说明:

browserName:浏览器version:操作系统版本platform:操作系统

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