操作系统:
RHEL7.x 或CentOS 7.x
- 最小化安装
- 配置好固定的IP,能访问互联网
- 配置好yum源(yum repolist 可以查看yum源)
- 本地光盘
- 挂载光盘,开机自动挂载
- vim + /etc/fstable
- /dev/sr0 /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0
- 创建挂载点目录:
- mkdir /media/cdrom
- 挂载:mount -a
- 配置yum源:
- yum-config-manger –add-repo=file:/// media/cdrom
- echo “gpgcheck = 0” >> /etc/yum.repos.d/media_cdrom.repo
- 挂载光盘,开机自动挂载
- EPEL
- aliyun sohu 中科大 清华 网易
- 本地光盘
开发环境:vim
查看系统shell类型:
[root@template ~]# cat /etc/shells/bin/sh/bin/bash/usr/bin/sh/usr/bin/bash
查看当前默认shell:
[root@template ~]# echo $SHELL/bin/bash
快速如何快速生成脚本开头的版本版权注释信息
[root@template ~]# cat ~/.vimrcautocmd BufNewFile *.go,*.py,*.cc,*.sh,*.java exec ":call SetTitle()"func SetTitle()if expand("%:e") == 'sh'call setline(1,"#!/bin/bash")call setline(2,"#########################")call setline(3,"#File name:".expand("%"))call setline(4,"#Version:v1.0")call setline(5,"#Email:admin@test.com")call setline(6,"#Created time:".strftime("%F %T"))call setline(7,"#Description:")call setline(8,"#########################")call setline(9,"")endifendfunc
修改Tab缩进
在/etc/vim/下有两个文件,分别为vimrc 和vimrc.tiny在vimrc文件中加入:set tabstop=4
流程控制与判断练习:1、ping主机测试,查看主机是否存活
[root@template chap04]# cat ping.sh#!/bin/bash##########################File name:ping.sh#Version:v1.0#Email:admin@test.com#Created time:2023-03-23 17:32:18#Description:#########################read -p "please enter your host:" hostif ping -c2 $host &> /dev/nullthen echo "$host is running"else echo "$host is down"fi
2、判断一个用户是否存在
[root@template chap04]# cat user.sh#!/bin/bash##########################File name:user.sh#Version:v1.0#Email:admin@test.com#Created time:2023-03-23 17:45:03#Description:#########################read -p "please enter a username:" usernameif id $username &> /dev/nullthen echo "$username is exist"else echo " $username is not exist "fi
3、判断当前内核主版本是否为3,且次版本是否大于10
[root@template chap04]# cat sys.sh#!/bin/bash##########################File name:sys.sh#Version:v1.0#Email:admin@test.com#Created time:2023-03-23 17:52:56#Description:main_version=`uname -r | awk -F . '{print $1 }'`minor_version=`uname -r | awk -F . '{print $2}'`if [ "$main_version" -eq 3 ] && [ "$minor_version" -ge 10 ] then echo "主版本是:$main_version 次版本是:$minor_version"else echo "不满足条件,此系统的主版本是:$main_version 次版本是:$minor_version"fi
4、判断vsftpd软件包是否安装,如果没有则自动安装
#!/bin/bash##########################File name:isvsftp.sh#Version:v1.0#Email:admin@test.com#Created time:2023-03-23 18:05:56#Description:#########################if rpm -qa | grep vsftpd &> /dev/nullthen echo "vsftp is exist"else echo "vsftp is not exist" read -p "please enter your choice:" choice if [ $choice -eq 1 ] then yum install vsftpd -y &> /dev/null else echo " break and uninstall" fifi# 测试结果:最初环境没有安装,选择时随机输入,最后选择安装,最后一次测试检查是否安装成[root@template chap04]# ./isvsftp.shvsftp is not existplease enter your choice:2 break and uninstall[root@template chap04]# ./isvsftp.shvsftp is not existplease enter your choice:1[root@template chap04]# ./isvsftp.shvsftp is exist
5、判断httpd是否运行
# 也不算完整:先检测是否安装htppd.service此软件,注意centos7版本中自带一个httpd-xxx的工具,所以在写服务时最好加上httpd.service,程序流程:如果包存在,直接输出active,如果不存在就选择是否安装[root@template chap04]# cat httpd.sh#!/bin/bash##########################File name:httpd.sh#Version:v1.0#Email:admin@test.com#Created time:2023-03-23 18:20:59#Description:#########################if rpm -qa | grep httpd.service &> /dev/nullthen echo "system `systemctl is-active httpd`"else echo "httpd is uninstall" read -p " please enter your choice : " choice if [ $choice -eq 1 ] then yum install httpd -y &> /dev/null systemctl restart httpd else echo " break and uninstall" fifi
6、判断指定的主机是否能ping通,必须使用$1变量
[root@template chap04]# cat ping2.sh#!/bin/bash##########################File name:ping2.sh#Version:v1.0#Email:admin@test.com#Created time:2023-03-23 18:55:21#Description:#########################if ping -c1 $1 &> /dev/nullthen echo "$1 is runing"else echo "$1 is dead"fi[root@template chap04]# ./ping2.sh 192.168.11.10192.168.11.10 is runing[root@template chap04]# ./ping2.sh baidu.combaidu.com is runing
7、报警脚本,要求如下
根分区剩余空间小于20%
内存已用空间大于80%
向用户alice发送告警邮件
配合crond每5分钟检查一次
yum install mailx -y &> /dev/null#!/bin/bashtotal_mem=$(free -m | tr -s " " | cut -d " " -f 2 | head -2 | tail -1)used_mem=$(free -m | tr -s " " | cut -d " " -f 3 | head -2 | tail -1)used_memper=$(echo "scale=2;$used_mem/$total_mem*100" | bc)total_root=$(df | grep "/"$ |tr -s " " | cut -d " " -f 2)used_root=$(df | grep "/"$ |tr -s " " | cut -d " " -f 4)free_rootper=$(echo "scale=2;$used_root/$total_root*100" | bc)v1=$(echo "used_memper > 80" | bc)v2=$(echo "free_rootper < 20" | bc)if [ $v1 -eq 1 ];then echo "内存已用空间大于80%" | mail -s "警告信息" aliceelif [ $v2 -eq 1 ];then echo "根分区剩余空间小于20%" | mail -s "警告信息" aliceelse echo "正常使用"fi
8、判断用户输入的是否是数字,如果是数字判断该数字是否大于10
[root@template chap04]# cat num.sh#!/bin/bashread -p "please input a num:" numif echo " $num" | grep " [ 0-9 ]" &> /dev/nullthen if [ $num -gt 10 ] then echo "$num is more than 10" else echo "$num is less than 10" fielse echo "input a num!!!"fi
9、计算用户输入的任意两个整数的和、差、乘积、商、余数
a=$1b=$2if [ $# -eq 2 ]then if [[ "$a" =~ ^[0-9]*$ && "$b" =~ ^[0-9]*$ ]] then echo "a、b Is an integer" echo a+b=$((a+b)) echo a-b=$((a-b)) echo a*b=$((a*b)) echo a/b=$((a/b)) echo a%b=$((a%b)) else echo "a,b Is not an integer" exit 0 fielse echo "The number of parameters is 2" exit 0fi
作者:ChAn出处:http://www.cnblogs.com/sre-chan/
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