Django-图书管理系统（含源码）

前段时间翻文件发现了以前学习python和django时做的一个系统，当时的想法是将这玩意做出来应付web开发大作业、课程设计作业甚至是毕设用的，实际上也确实应付了课程设计，功能虽然不算多，但是应付课程设计或者大作业绰绰有余了。

项目使用python开发，采用Django框架，数据库采用MySQL，根据用户人员的不同分成两套系统，分别是学生系统和管理员系统，功能模块具体分成四个，分别是用户管理模块、图书管理模块、数据管理模块、前端模块。

1、用户管理模块

用户管理模块实现的功能包括用户注册（分为学生注册和管理员注册）、用户信息修改、用户登录和判定

用户注册和登录

 views.py中用户注册及登陆判定代码段

def login(request):#登录return render(request, 'login.html')def student_register(request):# 学生注册name = request.POST.get("student_name")# 获取学生输入的姓名id = request.POST.get("student_id")# 获取学生输入的学号major = request.POST.get("student_major")# 获取学生输入的学院email = request.POST.get("student_email")# 获取学生输入的邮箱telephone = request.POST.get("student_telephone")password = request.POST.get("student_password")result1 = User.objects.filter(account=telephone)# 在用户表中搜索该用户名的记录result2 = Student.objects.filter(student_id=id)# 在学生表中搜索该学号的记录context = {}if len(result1) == 1:# 判断该账户是否存在(即判断是否注册过)，如果后台存在记录，则返回相应的提示语句context["info"] = "该账户已注册！！！"context["status"] = 0#零表示注册失败return render(request, 'login.html', context=context)else:#该账户是新用户if len(result2) == 1:#判断该学号是否有学生已使用context["info"] = "该学号已占用！！！"context["status"] = 4return render(request, 'login.html', context=context)else:User.objects.create(account=telephone, user_password=password,user_identity='学生')#用create为user表添加一条记录Student.objects.create(student_name=name,student_id=id,student_major=major,student_tel=telephone,student_email=email)#用create为student表添加一条记录context["info"] = "注册成功！"context["status"] = 1#1表示注册成功return render(request, 'login.html', context=context)def manager_register(request):# 管理员注册name = request.POST.get("manager_name")# 获取管理员输入的姓名id = request.POST.get("manager_id")# 获取管理员输入的工号stack = request.POST.get("manager_stack")# 获取管理员输入的书库email = request.POST.get("manager_email")# 获取管理员输入的邮箱telephone = request.POST.get("manager_telephone")password = request.POST.get("manager_password")result1 = User.objects.filter(account=telephone)# 在用户表中搜索该用户名的记录result2 = Manager.objects.filter(manager_id=id)# 在管理员表中搜索该工号的使用记录context = {}if len(result1) == 1:# 判断该账户是否存在(即判断是否注册过)，如果后台存在记录，则返回相应的提示语句context["info"] = "该账户已注册！！！"context["status"] = 0#零表示注册失败return render(request, 'login.html', context=context)else:#该账户是新用户if len(result2) == 1:#判断该工号号是否有管理员已使用context["info"] = "该工号已占用！！！"context["status"] = 5return render(request, 'login.html', context=context)else:User.objects.create(account=telephone, user_password=password,user_identity='管理员')#用create为user表添加一条记录Manager.objects.create(manager_name=name, manager_id=id, manager_stack=stack, manager_tel=telephone,manager_email=email)#用create为manager表添加一条记录context["info"] = "注册成功！"context["status"] = 1#1表示注册成功return render(request, 'login.html', context=context)def login_judge(request):#登入判定global account ,global_sname,global_mname #定义全局变量account,存储该用户的账户，global_sname保存一下该学生的姓名,global_mname保存一下该学生的姓名account = request.POST.get("telephone")#获取前端输入的账户（手机号）user_password = request.POST.get("password")result1 = User.objects.filter(account=account)#在user表里检索是否存在该账户if len(result1) == 1:# 判断后台是否存在该用户，有则进一步判断密码是否正确password = result1[0].user_password# 获取后台的密码identity = result1[0].user_identity# 获取该账户的身份信息if user_password == password:# 将用户输入的密码和后台密码进行比对,如何正确，判断该账户身份if identity == '学生':result2 = Student.objects.filter(student_tel=account)global_sname = result2[0].student_name# 用全局变量保存一下该学生的姓名context={"name":result2[0].student_name,"id":result2[0].student_id,"major":result2[0].student_major,"telephone":result2[0].student_tel,"email":result2[0].student_email,}return render(request, 'student/student_information.html',context)# 跳转到学生主页界面else:result = Manager.objects.filter(manager_tel=account)# account为全局变量global_mname = result[0].manager_name# 用全局变量保存一下该管理员的姓名context = {"name": result[0].manager_name,"id": result[0].manager_id,"stack": result[0].manager_stack,"telephone": result[0].manager_tel,"email": result[0].manager_email,}return render(request, 'manager/manager_information.html',context)# 跳转到管理员主页界面else:# 如果不一致则返回相应提示语句context = {"info": "密码错误！！！","status": 2}return render(request, 'login.html', context=context)# 密码错误回到登入界面else:# 如果不存在该用户则返回相应的提示语句context = {"info": "该账户不存在！！！","status": 3}return render(request, 'login.html', context=context)# 账户不存在则继续回到登入界面

用户信息管理

 views.py中用户信息管理代码段

def student_information(request):#个人信息if request.method == "GET":#此部分是当每次点击侧边导航栏的“个人信息”选项时，都重新显示该用户的个人资料result = Student.objects.filter(student_tel=account)#account为全局变量context = {"name": result[0].student_name,"id": result[0].student_id,"major": result[0].student_major,"telephone": result[0].student_tel,"email": result[0].student_email,}return render(request, 'student/student_information.html', context)#将该用户的个人信息再次传到前端页面else:#在student_information.html页面的第44行中通过post方式的“保存”按钮跳转到此处，即完成更新数据操作（保存）email = request.POST.get("email")# 获取邮箱Student.objects.filter(student_tel=account).update(student_email=email)#更新数据result = Student.objects.filter(student_tel=account)# account为全局变量 此处再次传值到前端context = {"name": result[0].student_name,"id": result[0].student_id,"major": result[0].student_major,"telephone": result[0].student_tel,"email": result[0].student_email,}return render(request, 'student/student_information.html', context)# 将该用户的个人信息再次传到前端页面def manager_information(request):#个人信息if request.method == "GET":#此部分是当每次点击侧边导航栏的“个人信息”选项时，都重新显示该管理员的个人资料result = Manager.objects.filter(manager_tel=account)#account为全局变量context = {"name": result[0].manager_name,"id": result[0].manager_id,"stack": result[0].manager_stack,"telephone": result[0].manager_tel,"email": result[0].manager_email,}return render(request, 'manager/manager_information.html', context)#将该用户的个人信息再次传到前端页面else:#在manager_information.html页面的第44行中通过post方式的“保存”按钮跳转到此处，即完成更新数据操作（保存）stack = request.POST.get("stack")# 获取书库信息email = request.POST.get("email")# 获取邮箱Manager.objects.filter(manager_tel=account).update(manager_email=email,manager_stack=stack)#更新数据result = Manager.objects.filter(manager_tel=account)# account为全局变量 此处再次传值到前端context = {"name": result[0].manager_name,"id": result[0].manager_id,"stack": result[0].manager_stack,"telephone": result[0].manager_tel,"email": result[0].manager_email,}return render(request, 'manager/manager_information.html', context)# 将该用户的个人信息再次传到前端页面

用户密码修改

 views.py中用户密码修改代码段

def change_password(request):#修改密码result = User.objects.filter(account=account).first()password = result.user_passwordif request.method == "GET": #此部分是当每次点击侧边导航栏的“修改密码”选项时，显示该界面return render(request,'student/change_password.html',context={"password":password,"name":global_sname})else:#此部分是在change_password.html页面中点击保存按钮时完成修改密码的操作oldPassword = request.POST.get("oldPassword")newPassword = request.POST.get("newPassword")reNewPassword = request.POST.get("reNewPassword")#以下是先判断输入的旧密码是否正确，并且两次输入的密码是否一致且都不为空if password == oldPassword and newPassword == reNewPassword and newPassword and reNewPassword:User.objects.filter(account=account).update(user_password = newPassword)#更新该用户的密码password = newPasswordreturn render(request, 'student/change_password.html', context={"password": password, "name": global_sname})def change_manager_password(request):#修改管理员的密码result = User.objects.filter(account=account).first()password = result.user_passwordif request.method == "GET":#此部分是当每次点击侧边导航栏的“修改密码”选项时，显示该界面return render(request,'manager/change_manager_password.html',context={"password":password,"name":global_mname})else:#此部分是在change_manager_password.html页面中点击保存按钮时完成修改密码的操作oldPassword = request.POST.get("oldPassword")newPassword = request.POST.get("newPassword")reNewPassword = request.POST.get("reNewPassword")#以下是先判断输入的旧密码是否正确，并且两次输入的密码是否一致且都不为空if password == oldPassword and newPassword == reNewPassword and newPassword and reNewPassword:User.objects.filter(account=account).update(user_password = newPassword)#更新该用户的密码password = newPasswordreturn render(request, 'manager/change_manager_password.html', context={"password": password, "name": global_mname})

2、图书管理模块

图书馆里模块实现的功能与我们日常图书馆的借阅系统相似，学生端包括书籍查询、书籍借阅、书记归还；管理员端包括书籍采购、书籍信息修改等更多扩展功能

书籍查询及借阅归还，可选择按书籍名或类型查找

 views代码段

def search_book(request):#查找书籍if request.method == "GET":#此部分是当用户每次点击侧边导航栏的“查找书籍”选项时，都要显示出所有书籍资料books = Book.objects.all()types = Type.objects.all()return render(request, 'student/search_book.html',context={"books": books,"types":types,"name":global_sname })# 向前端传递所有查找到的书籍信息的集合else:#student/search_book.html页面的第56行中通过post方式的“搜索”按钮跳转到此处，即完成搜索操作book_name = request.POST.get("book_name")type_id = request.POST.get("type_id")types = Type.objects.all()if book_name:#如果书名非空，则按书名查找book_result = Book.objects.filter(book_name=book_name)if book_result:#如果找到的结果集非空，则输出return render(request,'student/search_book.html',context={"books":book_result,"types":types,"name":global_sname})else:#若搜索的结果集为0，那么输出未找到该本书！book_result = Book.objects.all()return render(request, 'student/search_book.html',context={"books": book_result, "types": types, "name": global_sname, "status": 0})else:if type_id:#如果获取的类型输入框内容不为空，则按类型查找book_result = Book.objects.filter(book_type=type_id)if book_result:#如果找到的结果集非空，则输出return render(request, 'student/search_book.html', context={"books": book_result,"types":types,"name":global_sname})else:#若搜索的结果集为0，那么输出未找到类型的书！book_result = Book.objects.all()return render(request, 'student/search_book.html',context={"books": book_result, "types": types, "name": global_sname,"status":1})else:#都为空，则显示空列表return render(request, 'student/search_book.html')def borrow_book(request):book_ISBN = request.GET.get("book_ISBN")result = Book.objects.filter(ISBN=book_ISBN).first()books = Book.objects.all()types = Type.objects.all()if result.book_rest:#如果可借数不为0，则进行book_rest--rest = result.book_rest-1Book.objects.filter(ISBN=book_ISBN).update(book_rest=rest)now_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")#获取当前借书的系统时间student = Student.objects.filter(student_tel=account).first()Borrow.objects.create(student_id=student.student_id,student_name=student.student_name,student_tel=account,book_id=book_ISBN,book_name=result.book_name,borrow_time=now_time,rest_time=60)return render(request, 'student/search_book.html',context={"books": books, "types": types, "name": global_sname})# 向前端传递所有查找到的书籍信息的集合else:#可借数为0，则不予借出return render(request, 'student/search_book.html',context={"books": books, "types": types, "name": global_sname})# 向前端传递所有查找到的书籍信息的集合def borrow_record(request):#借书记录if request.method == "GET":records = Borrow.objects.filter(student_tel=account)#把当前用户的借阅记录搜索出来#计算剩余天数for record in records:borrow_t = record.borrow_time#获取借阅时间如：2019-11-1 11:40print(borrow_t)str1 = borrow_t.split(' ')# 先用空格分割该时间字符串，并保存到列表，str1[0]='2019-11-1' ,str1[1]='11:40'str2 = str1[0].split('-')#再讲时间按'-'分割开，得到str2,str2[0]='2019',str2[1]='11',str2[2]='1'borrow_time = datetime.date(int(str2[0]), int(str2[1]), int(str2[2]))#利用date函数得到相对应的借阅时间now_time = datetime.date(datetime.datetime.now().year, datetime.datetime.now().month, datetime.datetime.now().day)# 获取当前日期rest_day = 60 - (now_time - borrow_time).days#最多借阅60天print(rest_day)if rest_day>=0:Borrow.objects.filter(borrow_time = record.borrow_time).update(rest_time = rest_day)else:Borrow.objects.filter(borrow_time = record.borrow_time).update(rest_time = 0)return render(request,'student/borrow_record.html',context={"records":records,"name":global_sname})def return_book(request):#还书操作，在borrow_record.html页面中点击还书按钮后跳转到此处borrow_id = request.GET.get("borrow_id")result1 = Borrow.objects.filter(id = borrow_id).first()result2 = Book.objects.filter(ISBN = result1.book_id).first()rest =result2.book_rest+1 #还书后库存+1Book.objects.filter(ISBN = result2.ISBN).update(book_rest = rest)Borrow.objects.filter(id=borrow_id).delete()# 当点击还书按钮后，删除该用户的借阅记录records = Borrow.objects.filter(student_tel=account)# 把当前用户的借阅记录搜索出来return render(request, 'student/borrow_record.html', context={"records": records, "name": global_sname})

书籍采购（既书籍入库）以及书籍信息修改等

views代码段

def manage_book(request):#管理书籍if request.method == "GET":# 此部分是当用户每次点击侧边导航栏的“管理书籍”选项时，都要显示出所有书籍资料books = Book.objects.all()types = Type.objects.all()return render(request, 'manager/manage_book.html',context={"books": books, "types": types, "name": global_mname})# 向前端传递所有查找到的书籍信息的集合else:# 在manager/manage_bok.html页面中通过post方式的“搜索”按钮跳转到此处，即完成搜索操作book_name = request.POST.get("book_name")type_id = request.POST.get("type_id")types = Type.objects.all()if book_name:# 如果书名非空，则按书名查找book_result = Book.objects.filter(book_name=book_name)if book_result:# 如果找到的结果集非空，则输出return render(request, 'manager/manage_book.html',context={"books": book_result, "types": types, "name": global_mname})else:# 若搜索的结果集为0，那么输出未找到该本书！book_result = Book.objects.all()return render(request, 'manager/manage_book.html',context={"books": book_result, "types": types, "name": global_mname, "status": 0})else:if type_id:# 如果获取的类型输入框内容不为空，则按类型查找book_result = Book.objects.filter(book_type=type_id)if book_result:# 如果找到的结果集非空，则输出return render(request, 'manager/manage_book.html',context={"books": book_result, "types": types, "name": global_mname})else:# 若搜索的结果集为0，那么输出未找到类型的书！book_result = Book.objects.all()return render(request, 'manager/manage_book.html',context={"books": book_result, "types": types, "name": global_mname, "status": 1})else:# 都为空，则显示空列表return render(request, 'manager/manage_book.html')def add_book(request):#增加书籍的馆藏数量if request.method == "GET":ISBN = request.GET.get("book_ISBN1")result = Book.objects.filter(ISBN=ISBN).first()number = result.book_number+1 #让该书本的馆藏数量和可借数++rest = result.book_rest+1Book.objects.filter(ISBN=ISBN).update(book_number = number,book_rest = rest)books = Book.objects.all()types = Type.objects.all()return render(request, 'manager/manage_book.html',context={"books": books, "types": types, "name": global_mname})# 向前端传递所有查找到的书籍信息的集合def reduce_book(request):#减少书籍的馆藏数量if request.method == "GET":ISBN = request.GET.get("book_ISBN2")result = Book.objects.filter(ISBN=ISBN).first()number = result.book_number - 1#让该书本的馆藏数量和可借数--rest = result.book_rest -1Book.objects.filter(ISBN=ISBN).update(book_number = number,book_rest = rest)books = Book.objects.all()types = Type.objects.all()return render(request, 'manager/manage_book.html',context={"books": books, "types": types, "name": global_mname})# 向前端传递所有查找到的书籍信息的集合def delete_book(request):#清空该书籍if request.method == "GET":ISBN = request.GET.get("ISBN")print(ISBN)Book.objects.filter(ISBN = ISBN).delete()#在book表里删除该条记录books = Book.objects.all()types = Type.objects.all()return render(request, 'manager/manage_book.html',context={"books": books, "types": types, "name": global_mname})# 向前端传递所有查找到的书籍信息的集合def alter_book(request):#修改书本详情types = Type.objects.all()if request.method == "GET":#此部分是当用户在manage_book.html页面中点击修改书籍是执行，目的是显示当前书本的信息ISBN = request.GET.get("book_ISBN3")result = Book.objects.filter(ISBN=ISBN).first()context={"ISBN": result.ISBN,"book_name": result.book_name,"book_author": result.book_author,"book_publisher": result.book_publisher,"book_version": result.book_version,"book_price": result.book_price,"book_number": result.book_number,"book_rest": result.book_rest,"book_place": result.book_place,"type_name": result.book_type.type_name,"name": global_sname,"types": types}return render(request, 'manager/alter_book.html',context)# 向前端传递该书籍的所有信息else:#此部分是当用户在alter_book.html页面中点击保存按钮后重新更新用户修改后的信息ISBN = request.POST.get("ISBN")book_name = request.POST.get("book_name")book_author = request.POST.get("book_author")book_publisher = request.POST.get("book_publisher")book_version = request.POST.get("book_version")book_price = request.POST.get("book_price")book_number = request.POST.get("book_number")book_rest = request.POST.get("book_rest")book_place = request.POST.get("book_place")type_name = request.POST.get("type_name")if book_number.isdigit() and book_rest.isdigit():# 判断输入的馆藏数和可借数是否为数字type = Type.objects.filter(type_name=type_name).first()# 书籍类型是外键Book.objects.filter(ISBN=ISBN).update( book_name=book_name, book_author=book_author, book_publisher=book_publisher, book_version = book_version, book_price = book_price, book_number=book_number, book_rest=book_rest, book_place = book_place, book_type=type)# 在book表里更新刚才修改的书本信息context = { #把修改后的内容显示出来"ISBN": ISBN,"book_name": book_name,"book_author": book_author,"book_publisher": book_publisher,"book_version": book_version,"book_price": book_price,"book_number": book_number,"book_rest": book_rest,"book_place": book_place,"type_name": type_name,"name": global_sname,"types": types}return render(request, 'manager/alter_book.html',context)# 重新向前端传递该书籍的所有信息else:result = Book.objects.filter(ISBN=ISBN).first()context = {"ISBN": result.ISBN,"book_name": result.book_name,"book_author": result.book_author,"book_publisher": result.book_publisher,"book_version": result.book_version,"book_price": result.book_price,"book_number": result.book_number,"book_rest": result.book_rest,"book_place": result.book_place,"type_name": result.book_type.type_name,"name": global_sname,"types": types}return render(request, 'manager/alter_book.html', context)# 向前端传递该书籍的所有信息def add_new_book(request):#添加新书籍types = Type.objects.all()if request.method == "GET":#此部分是当每次点击侧边导航栏的“采购书籍”选项时，显示该界面return render(request, 'manager/add_new_book.html', context={ "name": global_mname,"types":types})else:#此部分是在add_new_book.html页面中点击确认按钮后完成的添加书籍操作ISBN = request.POST.get("ISBN")#获取用户在前端输入框中的数据book_name = request.POST.get("book_name")book_author = request.POST.get("book_author")book_publisher = request.POST.get("book_publisher")book_version = request.POST.get("book_version")book_price = request.POST.get("book_price")book_number = request.POST.get("book_number")book_rest = request.POST.get("book_rest")book_place = request.POST.get("book_place")type_name = request.POST.get("type_name")if book_number.isdigit() and book_rest.isdigit():#判断输入的馆藏数和可借数是否为数字type = Type.objects.filter(type_name = type_name).first()#书籍类型是外键Book.objects.create(ISBN=ISBN,book_name=book_name,book_author=book_author,book_publisher=book_publisher,book_version=book_version,book_price=book_price,book_number=book_number,book_rest=book_rest,book_place=book_place,book_type=type)#在book表里添加新记录return render(request, 'manager/add_new_book.html', context={ "name": global_mname,"types":types})else:return render(request, 'manager/add_new_book.html', context={ "name": global_mname,"types":types})

 3、数据管理模块

数据管理模块主要是设计数据库的存储和操作，django的ROM机制可以让用户在models上面编写要创建的数据表类型，通过执行迁移，直接在数据库创建数据库表

models.py代码段

from django.db import modelsclass User(models.Model):#用户表account=models.CharField(max_length = 20,primary_key=True)#账号user_password=models.CharField(max_length = 20)#用户密码user_identity=models.CharField(max_length = 20)#用户身份class Student(models.Model):#学生信息表student_id=models.CharField(max_length = 20,primary_key=True)#学号 主键student_name=models.CharField(max_length=20)#姓名student_tel=models.CharField(max_length = 20)#电话student_major=models.CharField(max_length = 20)#院系student_email=models.CharField(max_length = 50)#邮箱class Manager(models.Model):#图书管理员信息表manager_id=models.CharField(max_length = 20,primary_key=True)#工号 主键manager_name=models.CharField(max_length=20)#姓名manager_tel=models.CharField(max_length = 20)#电话manager_email=models.CharField(max_length = 50)#邮箱manager_stack=models.CharField(max_length = 20)#管理书库class Type(models.Model):#书籍类型表type_id= models.CharField(max_length=20,primary_key=True)# 类型编号，主键type_name = models.CharField(max_length=20)# 类型名称class Book(models.Model):#书本信息表ISBN= models.CharField(max_length = 20,primary_key=True)# 国际标准书号 主键book_name = models.CharField(max_length=20)# 书名book_author = models.CharField(max_length=20)# 作者book_publisher = models.CharField(max_length=20)# 出版社book_version = models.CharField(max_length=20)# 版本book_price = models.CharField(max_length=20)# 价格book_number = models.IntegerField()# 总库存数(馆藏数）book_rest = models.IntegerField()# 可借数book_place = models.CharField(max_length=20)# 所属书库book_type = models.ForeignKey(Type, on_delete=models.CASCADE)#书籍类型class Borrow(models.Model):#借阅表student_id= models.CharField(max_length=20)# 借书人学号student_name = models.CharField(max_length=20)# 借书人姓名student_tel = models.CharField(max_length=20)# 借书人联系方式book_id = models.CharField(max_length=20)# 书籍编号book_name = models.CharField(max_length=20)# 书名borrow_time = models.CharField(max_length=20)# 借书时间rest_time = models.IntegerField()# 剩余天数

 settings.py关于数据库的相关设定

DATABASES = {'default': {'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql','NAME': 'Library', #数据库名字'USER': 'xxxx',#用户名'PASSWORD': 'xxxx',#密码'HOST': 'localhost', #本地主机'PORT': '3306' #端口号}}

4、前端模块

前端模块是向用户展示的用户界面，通常保存在templates文件夹下，后端通过与前端的数据进行交互，通过路由返回具体的页面实现渲染。

templates文件夹目录

urls.py路由路径 

from django.contrib import adminfrom django.urls import path,includefrom MyApp import views as App_viewsurlpatterns = [path('admin/', admin.site.urls),path('MyApp/',include('MyApp.urls')),path('login/',App_views.login),path('student_register/',App_views.student_register),path('manager_register/',App_views.manager_register),path('login_judge/', App_views.login_judge),path('student_information/',App_views.student_information),path('search_book/',App_views.search_book),path('borrow_record/',App_views.borrow_record),path('change_password/',App_views.change_password),path('borrow_book/',App_views.borrow_book),path('return_book/',App_views.return_book),path('manager_information/', App_views.manager_information),path('manage_book/', App_views.manage_book),path('delete_book/', App_views.delete_book),path('add_book/', App_views.add_book),path('reduce_book/', App_views.reduce_book),path('change_manager_password/', App_views.change_manager_password),path('add_new_book/', App_views.add_new_book),path('alter_book/', App_views.alter_book),path('',App_views.login),]

通过django创建的数据库表

视频演示链接：

图书管理系统_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

源代码获取可私信或+QQ：1834661953