1)写用例 TestCase
2)执行用例 1:TestSuite存储用例,2:TestLoader找用例,存储用例,存放指定的TestSuite
3)对比实际结果/期望结果,判定用例是否通过#断言Assert
4)出局测试报告TextTestRunner
1.测试类
import requestsclass HttpRequest(): def __init__(self, method, url, param=None, headers=None, cookie=None): self.method=method#method:请求方式 self.url=url#url:请求的url self.param=param#param:请求参数 self.headers=headers#headers:请求头 self.cookie=cookie#cookie:请求的cookie值 def http_request(self): if self.method.lower()=="post": return requests.post(self.url,self.param) elif self.method.lower()=="get": return requests.get(self.url,self.param,headers=self.headers,cookies=self.cookie) else: print("请求方式错误:{0}".format(self.method))
2.TestCase/断言/异常处理
import unittest#引入unittest框架from test01.qabujiaban_class import HttpRequest#引入测试类#编写一个存储测试用例的类class TestHttp(unittest.TestCase):#用例类继承unittest.TestCase用于编写测试用例 #正确登陆测试用例 def test_login_yes(self):#测试用例函数必须test_开头,否则框架无法识别当前是用例 login_url = "http://www.qabujiaban.com/user/login" data = {"username": "uuuu222都44", "password": "WJHasb124*1"} res = HttpRequest("Post", login_url, data).http_request() print("登陆响应文本:", res.json()) # try: self.assertEqual("0000", res.json()["code"]) # 断言,期望值==实际值 except AssertionError as e: print("断言错误异常抛出:{0}".format(e)) raise e#抛出异常 #错误登陆测试用例 def test_login_no(self): login_url = "http://www.qabujiaban.com/user/login" data = {"username": "uuuu222都44", "password": "123456"}#密码错误 res = HttpRequest("Post", login_url, data).http_request() print("登陆响应文本:", res.json()) # try: self.assertEqual("0000", res.json()["code"]) # 断言,期望值==实际值 except AssertionError as e: print("断言错误异常抛出:{0}".format(e)) raise e#抛出异常if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()#执行全部测试用例
执行结果:============================= test session starts =============================platform win32 -- Python 3.7.3, pytest-7.2.0, pluggy-1.0.0rootdir: C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\demo\test01plugins: html-3.2.0, metadata-2.0.4collected 2 itemstestdemo01.py [100%]============================== 2 passed in 0.35s ==============================Process finished with exit code 0.登陆响应文本: {'code': '0002', 'message': '登陆失败,密码错误'}.登陆响应文本: {'code': '0000', 'message': '登陆成功', 'login_time': '2022-59-19 11:12:04', 'create_time': '2021-23-28 04:12:19'}
注意:执行结果中,E表示错误,F表示失败, . 点表示成功
3.unittest.addTest()
import unittestfrom test01.demo_case import TestHttp#引入测试用例类suite = unittest.TestSuite()#存储器,存储用例#第一个用例suite.addTest(TestHttp("test_login_yes"))#添加要执行的用例#第二个用例suite.addTest(TestHttp("test_login_no"))runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()runner.run(suite)#执行
执行结果:.登陆响应文本: {'code': '0000', 'message': '登陆成功', 'login_time': '2022-12-20 12:12:33', 'create_time': '2021-23-28 04:12:19'}登陆响应文本: {'code': '0002', 'message': '登陆失败,密码错误'}.----------------------------------------------------------------------Ran 2 tests in 0.275sOKProcess finished with exit code 0
4.loader.loadTestsFromTestCase()
import unittestfrom test01.demo_case import TestHttp#引入测试用例类suite = unittest.TestSuite()#存储器,存储用例# #第一个用例# suite.addTest(TestHttp("test_login_yes"))#添加要执行的用例# #第二个用例# suite.addTest(TestHttp("test_login_no"))loader = unittest.TestLoader()#创建加载器suite.addTest(loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(TestHttp))#通过类名加载runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()runner.run(suite)#执行
执行结果:登陆响应文本: {'code': '0002', 'message': '登陆失败,密码错误'}..登陆响应文本: {'code': '0000', 'message': '登陆成功', 'login_time': '2022-23-20 12:12:16', 'create_time': '2021-23-28 04:12:19'}----------------------------------------------------------------------Ran 2 tests in 0.288sOKProcess finished with exit code 0
5.loader.loadTestFromModule()
import unittest# from test01.demo_case import TestHttp#引入测试用例类from test01 import demo_case#引入模块suite = unittest.TestSuite()#存储器,存储用例# #第一个用例# suite.addTest(TestHttp("test_login_yes"))#添加要执行的用例# #第二个用例# suite.addTest(TestHttp("test_login_no"))loader = unittest.TestLoader()#创建加载器# suite.addTest(loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(TestHttp))#通过类名加载suite.addTest(loader.loadTestsFromModule(demo_case))#通过类名加载runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()runner.run(suite)#执行
执行结果:.登陆响应文本: {'code': '0002', 'message': '登陆失败,密码错误'}.----------------------------------------------------------------------Ran 2 tests in 0.259sOK登陆响应文本: {'code': '0000', 'message': '登陆成功', 'login_time': '2022-26-20 12:12:51', 'create_time': '2021-23-28 04:12:19'}Process finished with exit code 0
6.TextTestRunner()
import unittest# from test01.demo_case import TestHttp#引入测试用例类from test01 import demo_casesuite = unittest.TestSuite()#存储器,存储用例# #第一个用例# suite.addTest(TestHttp("test_login_yes"))#添加要执行的用例# #第二个用例# suite.addTest(TestHttp("test_login_no"))loader = unittest.TestLoader()#创建加载器# suite.addTest(loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(TestHttp))#通过类名加载suite.addTest(loader.loadTestsFromModule(demo_case))#通过类名加载file = open(file="log.txt",mode="w",encoding="utf8")runner = unittest.TextTestRunner(stream=file,verbosity=2)#stream为日志存储路径,verbosity=0/1/2 打印日志的详细等级,2最详细runner.run(suite)#执行file.close()#关闭资源
执行结果:
7.上下文管理器with open()
import unittest# from test01.demo_case import TestHttp#引入测试用例类from test01 import demo_casesuite = unittest.TestSuite()#存储器,存储用例# #第一个用例# suite.addTest(TestHttp("test_login_yes"))#添加要执行的用例# #第二个用例# suite.addTest(TestHttp("test_login_no"))loader = unittest.TestLoader()#创建加载器# suite.addTest(loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(TestHttp))#通过类名加载suite.addTest(loader.loadTestsFromModule(demo_case))#通过类名加载with open(file="log.txt",mode="w",encoding="utf8") as file:#执行完后自动关闭 runner = unittest.TextTestRunner(stream=file,verbosity=2)#stream为日志存储路径,verbosity=0/1/2 打印日志的详细等级,2最详细 runner.run(suite)#执行#print(file.closed)#判断状态,True=关闭
执行结果与open()一致
8.HTMLTestRunnerNew
import unittestimport HTMLTestRunnerNew#引入模板类# from test01.demo_case import TestHttp#引入测试用例类from test01 import demo_casesuite = unittest.TestSuite()#存储器,存储用例loader = unittest.TestLoader()#创建加载器suite.addTest(loader.loadTestsFromModule(demo_case))#通过类名加载with open(file="qabujiaban_report.html",mode="wb") as file:#执行完后自动关闭 runner = HTMLTestRunnerNew.HTMLTestRunner(stream=file, verbosity=2,title="这里是标题",description="这里写描述",tester="这里写谁测试的") runner.run(suite)
生成报告:
9.setUp()&tearDown()
import unittest#引入unittest框架from test01.qabujiaban_class import HttpRequest#引入测试类#编写一个存储测试用例的类class TestHttp(unittest.TestCase):#用例类继承unittest.TestCase用于编写测试用例 def setUp(self) -> None: print("每一条用例执行前执行...") def tearDown(self) -> None: print("每一条用例执行结束后执行...(一般放到用例之后)") #正确登陆测试用例 def test_login_yes(self):#测试用例函数必须test_开头,否则框架无法识别当前是用例 print("执行用例11111111111111111") def test_login_no(self): print("执行用例22222222222222222")if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()#执行全部测试用例
执行结果:
============================= test session starts =============================platform win32 -- Python 3.7.3, pytest-7.2.0, pluggy-1.0.0plugins: html-3.2.0, metadata-2.0.4collected 2 itemsdemo_case.py .每一条用例执行前执行...执行用例22222222222222222每一条用例执行结束后执行...(一般放到用例之后).每一条用例执行前执行...执行用例11111111111111111每一条用例执行结束后执行...(一般放到用例之后) [100%]============================== 2 passed in 0.10s ==============================Process finished with exit code 0