MySQL 使用触发器记录用户的操作日志
目录
- MySQL 使用触发器记录用户的操作日志
- 一、创建用户数据表(emp)和保存操作日志的表(emp_log)
- 二、为 emp 表创建触发器
- 1、创建触发器 trigger_after_insert_emp
- 2、创建触发器 trigger_after_update_emp
- 3、创建触发器 trigger_after_delete_emp
- 三、数据验证
- 1、在 emp 中添加数据记录
- 2、在 emp 中更新数据记录
- 3、在 emp 中删除数据记录
使用 MySQL 触发器可以记录哪些用户、什么时间对数据表进行了增、删、改操作。如果执行删除操作,则记录删除之前的数据记录;如果执行更新操作,记录更新之前的数据记录。
一、创建用户数据表(emp)和保存操作日志的表(emp_log)
-- 创建用户数据表:empDROP TABLE IF EXISTS `emp`;CREATE TABLE `emp` ( `emp_id` int(11) AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '员工id', `emp_name` char(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '员工姓名', `birth` date COMMENT '出生日期', `salary` decimal(10,2) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00 COMMENT '工资', `comm` decimal(10,2) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00 COMMENT '奖金', `phone` char(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '电话', `addr` varchar(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '地址', `created_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP comment '插入记录的时间', `updated_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP comment '最后更新记录的时间', PRIMARY KEY (`emp_id`), KEY `idx_empname` (`emp_name`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT '员工信息数据表';-- 查看表结构mysql> desc emp;+------------+---------------+------+-----+-------------------+------------------------+| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+------------+---------------+------+-----+-------------------+------------------------+| emp_id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment || emp_name | char(50) | NO | MUL | | || birth | date | YES | | NULL | || salary | decimal(10,2) | NO | | 0.00 | || comm | decimal(10,2) | NO | | 0.00 | || phone | char(20) | NO | | | || addr | varchar(200) | NO | | | || created_at | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | || updated_at | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |+------------+---------------+------+-----+-------------------+------------------------+9 rows in set (0.00 sec)-- 创建操作日志表:emp_logDROP TABLE IF EXISTS `emp_log`;CREATE TABLE `emp_log` ( `emplog_id` int(11) AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '操作日志id', `operate_type` char(20) COMMENT '操作类型:insert(插入)、delete(删除)、update(更新)', `operate_user` char(50) COMMENT '执行操作的用户名称', `operate_time` datetime COMMENT '操作时间', `emp_id` int(11) COMMENT '员工id', `emp_name` char(50) COMMENT '员工姓名', `birth` date COMMENT '出生日期', `salary` decimal(10,2) COMMENT '工资', `comm` decimal(10,2) COMMENT '奖金', `phone` char(20) COMMENT '电话', `addr` varchar(200) COMMENT '地址', PRIMARY KEY (`emplog_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT '员工操作日志信息表';-- 查看表结构mysql> desc emp_log;+--------------+---------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+--------------+---------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+| emplog_id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment || operate_type | char(20) | YES | | NULL | || operate_user | char(50) | YES | | NULL | || operate_time | datetime | YES | | NULL | || emp_id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | || emp_name | char(50) | YES | | NULL | || birth | date | YES | | NULL | || salary | decimal(10,2) | YES | | NULL | || comm | decimal(10,2) | YES | | NULL | || phone | char(20) | YES | | NULL | || addr | varchar(200) | YES | | NULL | |+--------------+---------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+11 rows in set (0.01 sec)
二、为 emp 表创建触发器
1、创建触发器 trigger_after_insert_emp
在 emp 表中插入记录时,把执行插入操作的用户名、操作类型(INSERT)、操作时间以及记录的内容添加到操作日志表(emp_log)中。
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS `trigger_after_insert_emp`;delimiter //create trigger trigger_after_insert_empafter insert on empfor each rowbegininsert into emp_log( operate_type, operate_user, operate_time, emp_id, emp_name, birth, salary, comm, phone, addr)values( 'INSERT', user(), now(), new.emp_id, new.emp_name, new.birth, new.salary, new.comm, new.phone, new.addr);end //delimiter ;
2、创建触发器 trigger_after_update_emp
在 emp 表中更新记录时,把执行更新操作的用户名、操作类型(UPDATE)、操作时间以及更新之前记录的内容添加到操作日志表(emp_log)中。
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS `trigger_after_update_emp`;delimiter //create trigger trigger_after_update_empafter update on empfor each rowbegininsert into emp_log( operate_type, operate_user, operate_time, emp_id, emp_name, birth, salary, comm, phone, addr)values( 'UPDATE', user(), now(), old.emp_id, old.emp_name, old.birth, old.salary, old.comm, old.phone, old.addr);end //delimiter ;
3、创建触发器 trigger_after_delete_emp
在 emp 表中删除记录时,把执行删除操作的用户名、操作类型(DELETE)、操作时间以及删除之前记录的内容添加到操作日志表(emp_log)中。
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS `trigger_after_delete_emp`;delimiter //create trigger trigger_after_delete_empafter delete on empfor each rowbegininsert into emp_log( operate_type, operate_user, operate_time, emp_id, emp_name, birth, salary, comm, phone, addr)values( 'DELETE', user(), now(), old.emp_id, old.emp_name, old.birth, old.salary, old.comm, old.phone, old.addr);end //delimiter ;
三、数据验证
1、在 emp 中添加数据记录
/*insert into emp(emp_name,birth,salary,comm,phone,addr) values('刘红','1988-12-3',5000,1200,'13673521212','河南省新乡市'),('王涛','1984-8-21',6000,700,'13755440012','河南省郑州市'),('张静','1992-10-31',5500,800,'13073526644','河南省安阳市');*/mysql> insert into emp(emp_name,birth,salary,comm,phone,addr) -> values('刘红','1988-12-3',5000,1200,'13673521212','河南省新乡市'), -> ('王涛','1984-8-21',6000,700,'13755440012','河南省郑州市'), -> ('张静','1992-10-31',5500,800,'13073526644','河南省安阳市');Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0-- 查询 emp 表中的数据mysql> select * from emp;+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+| emp_id | emp_name | birth | salary | comm | phone | addr | created_at | updated_at |+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+| 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 5000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 || 2 | 王涛 | 1984-08-21 | 6000.00 | 700.00 | 13755440012 | 河南省郑州市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 || 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 5500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 |+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)-- 查询 emp_log 表中的数据mysql> select * from emp_log;+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+| emplog_id | operate_type | operate_user | operate_time | emp_id | emp_name | birth | salary | comm | phone | addr |+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+| 1 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 5000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 || 2 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2 | 王涛 | 1984-08-21 | 6000.00 | 700.00 | 13755440012 | 河南省郑州市 || 3 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 5500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 |+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
2、在 emp 中更新数据记录
-- 更新 emp 表中的数据(更新了两条记录)mysql> update emp set salary = salary + 1000 where salary < 6000;Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0-- 查询 emp 表中的数据mysql> select * from emp;+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+| emp_id | emp_name | birth | salary | comm | phone | addr | created_at | updated_at |+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+| 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 6000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 || 2 | 王涛 | 1984-08-21 | 6000.00 | 700.00 | 13755440012 | 河南省郑州市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 || 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 6500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 |+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)-- 查询 emp_log 表中的数据mysql> select * from emp_log;+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+| emplog_id | operate_type | operate_user | operate_time | emp_id | emp_name | birth | salary | comm | phone | addr |+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+| 1 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 5000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 || 2 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2 | 王涛 | 1984-08-21 | 6000.00 | 700.00 | 13755440012 | 河南省郑州市 || 3 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 5500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 || 4 | UPDATE | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 | 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 5000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 || 5 | UPDATE | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 | 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 5500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 |+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
3、在 emp 中删除数据记录
-- 删除 emp 表中的数据(删除了两条记录)mysql> delete from emp where salary = 6000;Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.02 sec)-- 查询 emp 表中的数据mysql> select * from emp;+--------+----------+------------+---------+--------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+| emp_id | emp_name | birth | salary | comm | phone | addr | created_at | updated_at |+--------+----------+------------+---------+--------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+| 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 6500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 |+--------+----------+------------+---------+--------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)-- 查询 emp_log 表中的数据mysql> select * from emp_log;+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+| emplog_id | operate_type | operate_user | operate_time | emp_id | emp_name | birth | salary | comm | phone | addr |+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+| 1 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 5000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 || 2 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2 | 王涛 | 1984-08-21 | 6000.00 | 700.00 | 13755440012 | 河南省郑州市 || 3 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 5500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 || 4 | UPDATE | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 | 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 5000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 || 5 | UPDATE | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 | 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 5500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 || 6 | DELETE | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:52:21 | 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 6000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 || 7 | DELETE | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:52:21 | 2 | 王涛 | 1984-08-21 | 6000.00 | 700.00 | 13755440012 | 河南省郑州市 |+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+7 rows in set (0.00 sec)