前言
本文主要将的是Fiber架构三核心中渲染器Renderer,在Reconciler调度器中“归”过程回到rootfiber节点并执行完之后会调用commitroot并传入fiberRootNode来进入到Renderer阶段(commit阶段),在commit阶段会遍历effectList来进行DOM操作,在该阶段我将其细分为三个小阶段:
- Before Mutation: DOM操作之前
- Mutation: DOM操作
- Layout: DOM操作之后
EffectList是一个单向链表,在Reconciler递归中执行completeWork时构建,最终形成一个以rootfiber.firstEffect为起点的单向链表,其他fiber.updateQueue以key,vakue的数组形式保存了需要更新的props
Before Mutation
这个阶段主要是遍历effectList并执行commitBeforeMutationEffects(旧版)/commitBeforeMutationEffectsImpl(新版), 主要做了一下三件事:
- 处理DOM渲染/删除的autoFocus、blur逻辑
- 调用getSnapshotBeforeUpdate生命周期钩子
- 通过scheduleCallback调度useEffect
function commitBeforeMutationEffects() {while (nextEffect !== null) {const current = nextEffect.alternate;if (!shouldFireAfterActiveInstanceBlur && focusedInstanceHandle !== null) {// ...focus blur相关}const effectTag = nextEffect.effectTag;// 调用getSnapshotBeforeUpdateif ((effectTag & Snapshot) !== NoEffect) {commitBeforeMutationEffectOnFiber(current, nextEffect);}// 调度useEffectif ((effectTag & Passive) !== NoEffect) {if (!rootDoesHavePassiveEffects) {rootDoesHavePassiveEffects = true;scheduleCallback(NormalSchedulerPriority, () => {flushPassiveEffects();return null;});}}nextEffect = nextEffect.nextEffect;}}
commitBeforeMutationEffectOnFiber是commitBeforeMutationLifeCycles的别名,主要是生命周期的调用。
getSnapshotBeforeUpdate
从Reactv16开始,componentWillXXX钩子前增加了UNSAFE_前缀。原因是16用FIber架构重写,将原来的Stack Reconciler改为Fiber Reconciler后,render阶段可能会执行多次,而componentWillXXX钩子都存在于render阶段,这就会导致重复执行,设想如果我们在支付的时候,执行了多次,那就玩大了,所以进行了标记。为了解决这个问题,React提供了一个新的钩子getSnapshotBeforeUpdate,它可以保存DOM更新前的信息快照,然后给到componentDidUpdate. 并且它是在commit阶段执行的,不会重复执行。
调度useEffect
// 调度useEffectif ((effectTag & Passive) !== NoEffect) { if (!rootDoesHavePassiveEffects) {rootDoesHavePassiveEffects = true;scheduleCallback(NormalSchedulerPriority, () => {flushPassiveEffects();return null;});}}
代码中可见,scheduleCallback方法由Scheduler模块提供,用于以某个优先级异步调度一个回调函数。而flushPassiveEffects就是用来调度useEffect的。
Mutation
该阶段主要是来执行DOM的一些操作,主要也是遍历EffectList根据fiber的tag来处理不同的逻辑并更新对应的ref,主要做了以下事情:
- 根据ContentReset effectTag重置文字节点
- 更新ref
- 根据effectTag(flags)分别处理,其中effectTag包括(Placement | Update | Deletion | Hydrating)
function commitMutationEffects(root: FiberRoot, renderPriorityLevel) {// 遍历effectListwhile (nextEffect !== null) { const effectTag = nextEffect.effectTag;// 根据 ContentReset effectTag重置文字节点if (effectTag & ContentReset) {commitResetTextContent(nextEffect);}// 更新refif (effectTag & Ref) {const current = nextEffect.alternate;if (current !== null) {commitDetachRef(current);}}// 根据 effectTag 分别处理const primaryEffectTag = effectTag & (Placement | Update | Deletion | Hydrating); switch (primaryEffectTag) { // 插入DOMcase Placement: {commitPlacement (nextEffect);nextEffect.effectTag &= ~Placement;break;}// 插入DOM 并 更新DOMcase PlacementAndUpdate: {// 插入commitPlacement(nextEffect);nextEffect.effectTag &= ~Placement;// 更新const current = nextEffect.alternate;commitWork(current, nextEffect);break;}// SSRcase Hydrating: { nextEffect.effectTag &= ~Hydrating;break;}// SSRcase HydratingAndUpdate: {nextEffect.effectTag &= ~Hydrating;const current = nextEffect.alternate;commitWork(current, nextEffect);break;}// 更新DOMcase Update: {const current = nextEffect.alternate;commitWork(current, nextEffect);break;}// 删除DOMcase Deletion: {commitDeletion(root, nextEffect, renderPriorityLevel);break;`case HostComponent: {const instance: Instance = finishedWork.stateNode;if (instance != null) {// Commit the work prepared earlier.const newProps = finishedWork.memoizedProps;// For hydration we reuse the update path but we treat the oldProps// as the newProps. The updatePayload will contain the real change in// this case.const oldProps = current !== null ? current.memoizedProps : newProps;const type = finishedWork.type;// TODO: Type the updateQueue to be specific to host components.const updatePayload: null | UpdatePayload = (finishedWork.updateQueue: any);finishedWork.updateQueue = null;if (updatePayload !== null) {commitUpdate(instance,updatePayload,type,oldProps,newProps,finishedWork,);}}`}}nextEffect = nextEffect.nextEffect;}}
Placement Effect
当fiber.effectTag为Placement时,则通过commitPlacement函数,进行DOM的插入操作。
- 获取父级DOM节点。其中finishedWork为传入的Fiber节点
- 获取Fiber节点的DOM兄弟节点
- 根据DOM兄弟节点是否存在决定调用parentNode.insertBefore或parentNode.appendChild执行DOM插入操作。
Update Effect
当Fiber节点含有Update effectTag,意味着该Fiber节点需要更新。调用的方法为commitWork,他会根据Fiber.tag分别处理。
case HostComponent: {const instance: Instance = finishedWork.stateNode;if (instance != null) { // Commit the work prepared earlier.const newProps = finishedWork.memoizedProps;// For hydration we reuse the update path but we treat the oldProps// as the newProps. The updatePayload will contain the real change in// this case.const oldProps = current !== null ? current.memoizedProps : newProps;const type = finishedWork.type;// TODO: Type the updateQueue to be specific to host components.const updatePayload: null | UpdatePayload = (finishedWork.updateQueue: any);finishedWork.updateQueue = null;if (updatePayload !== null) {commitUpdate(instance,updatePayload,type,oldProps,newProps,finishedWork,);}}
当fiber.tag为HostComponent,会调用commitUpdate。最终会在updateDOMProperties 中将render阶段 completeWork 中为Fiber节点赋值的updateQueue对应的内容渲染在页面上。
function updateDOMProperties(domElement: Element,updatePayload: Array<any>,wasCustomComponentTag: boolean,isCustomComponentTag: boolean,): void {// TODO: Handle wasCustomComponentTagfor (let i = 0; i < updatePayload.length; i += 2) {const propKey = updatePayload[i];const propValue = updatePayload[i + 1];if (propKey === STYLE) {setValueForStyles(domElement, propValue);} else if (propKey === DANGEROUSLY_SET_INNER_HTML) {setInnerHTML(domElement, propValue);} else if (propKey === CHILDREN) {setTextContent(domElement, propValue);} else {setValueForProperty(domElement, propKey, propValue, isCustomComponentTag);}}}
Deletion effect
当Fiber节点含有Deletion effectTag,意味着该Fiber节点对应的DOM节点需要从页面中删除。调用的方法为commitDeletion。
- 递归调用Fiber节点及其子孙Fiber节点中fiber.tag为ClassComponent的componentWillUnmount 生命周期钩子,从页面移除Fiber节点对应DOM节点
- 解绑ref
- 调度useEffect的销毁函数
Layout
该阶段之所以称为layout,因为该阶段的代码都是在DOM修改完成(mutation阶段完成)后执行的。该阶段触发的生命周期钩子和hook可以直接访问到已经改变后的DOM,即该阶段是可以参与DOM layout的阶段。
注意:由于 JS 的同步执行阻塞了主线程,所以此时 JS 已经可以获取到新的DOM,但是浏览器对新的DOM并没有完成渲染。
同before mutation、mutation阶段一样,都是遍历effectList来,并执行对应函数来进行不同的处理,这里调用的是commitLayoutEffects,主要做了两件事:
- commitLayoutEffectOnFiber(调用生命周期钩子和hook相关操作)
- commitAttachRef(赋值 ref)
commitLayoutEffectOnFiber
commitLayoutEffectOnFiber是commitLifeCycles的别名
function commitLayoutEffects(root: FiberRoot, committedLanes: Lanes) {while (nextEffect !== null) {const effectTag = nextEffect.effectTag;// 调用生命周期钩子和hookif (effectTag & (Update | Callback)) {const current = nextEffect.alternate;commitLayoutEffectOnFiber(root, current, nextEffect, committedLanes);}// 赋值refif (effectTag & Ref) {commitAttachRef(nextEffect);}nextEffect = nextEffect.nextEffect;}}
在commitLifeCycles函数中,当fiber.tag为ClassComponent时,会通过current === null?区分是mount还是update,调用componentDidMount 或componentDidUpdate 。
case ClassComponent: {const instance = finishedWork.stateNode;if (finishedWork.flags & Update) {if (current === null) {if (enableProfilerTimer &&enableProfilerCommitHooks &&finishedWork.mode & ProfileMode) {try {startLayoutEffectTimer();instance.componentDidMount();} finally {recordLayoutEffectDuration(finishedWork);}} else {instance.componentDidMount();}}
以下函数也会在commitLifeCycles中调用:
- 触发状态更新的this.setState如果赋值了第二个参数回调函数
- 对于FunctionComponent及相关类型,他会调用useLayoutEffect hook的回调函数,调度useEffect的销毁与回调函数
- 对于HostRoot,即rootFiber,如果赋值了第三个参数回调函数,也会在此时调用
commitAttachRef
commitAttachRef函数就比较简单,就是获取DOM实例,并更新ref
function commitAttachRef(finishedWork: Fiber) {const ref = finishedWork.ref;if (ref !== null) {const instance = finishedWork.stateNode;let instanceToUse;switch (finishedWork.tag) {case HostComponent:instanceToUse = getPublicInstance(instance);break;default:instanceToUse = instance;}// Moved outside to ensure DCE works with this flagif (enableScopeAPI && finishedWork.tag === ScopeComponent) {instanceToUse = instance;}if (typeof ref === 'function') {ref(instanceToUse);} else {ref.current = instanceToUse;}}}
至此,commit阶段也完成了,这时候再将双缓存树的切换fiberRootNode的current指向current Fiber树,就可以更新试图。
Q&A
Q: useEffect和useLayoutEffect的区别?
A:useLayoutEffect从上一次更新的销毁函数调用(mutation阶段)到本次更新的回调函数调用(layout阶段)是同步执行的。
而useEffect则需要先在before mutation调度,在Layout阶段完成后再异步执行。
参考文档
React技术揭秘