文章目录
- 1.开发环境
- 源码分享&技术交流
- 2.项目实战
- 1）创建`Django`项目
- 2）创建应用
- 3）配置MySQL
- 4）数据模型层创建
- 5）路由配置
- 6）增删改查视图函数
- 7）模板页面创建
- 8）启动web服务
1.开发环境
开发工具：Pycharm 2020.1.1
开发语言：Python 3.8.5
Web框架：Djanjo 3.0.3
前端框架：bootstrap 3.3.7
数据库：MySQL 8.0.21 + Navicat Premium 15.0.17
操作系统：macOS 10.14.6
源码分享&技术交流
技术要学会分享、交流，不建议闭门造车。 本文技术由粉丝群小伙伴分享汇总。源码、数据、技术交流提升，均可加交流群获取，群友已超过2000人，添加时最好的备注方式为：来源+兴趣方向，方便找到志同道合的朋友。
方式①、添加微信号：dkl88191，备注：来自CSDN +学管系统
方式②、微信搜索公众号：Python学习与数据挖掘，后台回复：学管系统
2.项目实战
1）创建Django项目
Pycharm创建Django
- 目录结构如下
2）创建应用
- 打开
Pycharm的终端，输入如下命令，创建Web应用
python manage.py startapp Web# Web名字可以任意取
- 在
settings.py文件里INSTALLED_APPS下面添加Web完成应用注册
3）配置MySQL
- 修改
settings.py文件中的sqlite3为MySQL
DATABASES = {'default': {'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql','NAME': 'eleven','USER': 'root','Pw': '123456','HOST': '127.0.0.1','PORT': 3306}}4）数据模型层创建
- 在应用
Web下的models.py添加Student模型
class Student(models.Model):student_no = models.CharField(max_length = 32, unique=True)student_name = models.CharField(max_length = 32)执行如下命令，在数据库生成表结构
# 生成文件记录模型的变化python manage.py makemigrations Web# 将模型变化同步至数据库，我们可以在数据库生成对应的表结构python manage.py migrate Web
数据库中生成的表
5）路由配置
在el_sms里面的urls.py里面添加Web的路由配置
from django.contrib import adminfrom django.urls import pathfrom django.conf.urls import url, include# 请求路径url和处理方法的映射配置urlpatterns = [path('admin/', admin.site.urls),url(r'^Web/', include('Web.urls'))]然后在Web创建一个urls.py文件，添加路由配置如下：
# coding=utf-8from django.conf.urls import urlfrom . import viewsurlpatterns = [ url(r'^$', views.index), url(r'^add/$', views.add), url(r'^edit/$', views.edit), url(r'^delete/$', views.delete)]
6）增删改查视图函数
在应用Web的视图层文件views.py添加对学生信息增删改查的处理函数
import MySQLdbfrom django.shortcuts import render, redirect# Create your views here.# 连接MySQL数据库conn = MySQLdb.connect(host="localhost", user="root", pw="123456", db="eleven", charset='utf8')# 学生信息列表处理函数def index(request):with conn.cursor(cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor) as cursor:cursor.execute("SELECT id,student_no,student_name FROM Web_student")students = cursor.fetchall()return render(request, 'student/index.html', {'students': students})# 学生信息新增处理函数def add(request):if request.method == 'GET':return render(request, 'student/add.html')else:student_no = request.POST.get('student_no', '')student_name = request.POST.get('student_name', '')with conn.cursor(cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor) as cursor:cursor.execute("INSERT INTO Web_student (student_no,student_name) " "values (%s,%s)", [student_no, student_name])conn.commit()return redirect('../')# 学生信息修改处理函数def edit(request):if request.method == 'GET':id = request.GET.get("id")with conn.cursor(cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor) as cursor:cursor.execute("SELECT id,student_no,student_name FROM Web_student where id =%s", [id])student = cursor.fetchone()return render(request, 'student/edit.html', {'student': student})else:id = request.POST.get("id")student_no = request.POST.get('student_no', '')student_name = request.POST.get('student_name', '')with conn.cursor(cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor) as cursor:cursor.execute("UPDATE Web_student set student_no=%s,student_name=%s where id =%s", [student_no, student_name, id])conn.commit()return redirect('../')# 学生信息删除处理函数def delete(request):id = request.GET.get("id")with conn.cursor(cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor) as cursor:cursor.execute("DELETE FROM Web_student WHERE id =%s", [id])conn.commit()return redirect('../')7）模板页面创建
学生信息列表页
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>学生列表</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css"integrity="sha384-rHyoN1iRsVXV4nD0JutlnGaslCJuC7uwjduW9SVrLvRYooPp2bWYgmgJQIXwl/Sp" crossorigin="anonymous"><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"integrity="sha384-Tc5IQib027qvyjSMfHjOMaLkfuWVxZxUPnCJA7l2mCWNIpG9mGCD8wGNIcPD7Txa"crossorigin="anonymous"></script></head><body><div class="container page-header"><div class="container page-body"><div class="col-md-9" role="main"><table class="table table-striped"><a class="btn btn-warning" href="../Web/add" role="button">添加</a><tr><th>编号</th><th>学号</th><th>姓名</th><th>操作</th></tr>{% for student in students %}<tr><td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td><td>{{ student.student_no }}</td><td>{{ student.student_name }}</td><td><a class="btn btn-danger" href="../Web/delete" />">删除</a><a class="btn btn-warning" href="../Web/edit?id={{ student.id }}">修改</a></td></tr> {% endfor %}</table></div></div></div></body></html>学生信息新增页
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>学生添加</title> <!-- ⌘⌥L 格式化代码 --><!-- 最新版本的 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous"><!-- 可选的 Bootstrap 主题文件（一般不用引入） --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css"integrity="sha384-rHyoN1iRsVXV4nD0JutlnGaslCJuC7uwjduW9SVrLvRYooPp2bWYgmgJQIXwl/Sp" crossorigin="anonymous"><!-- 最新的 Bootstrap 核心 JavaScript 文件 --><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"integrity="sha384-Tc5IQib027qvyjSMfHjOMaLkfuWVxZxUPnCJA7l2mCWNIpG9mGCD8wGNIcPD7Txa"crossorigin="anonymous"></script></head><body><div class="container page-header"><div class="container page-body"><form class="form-horizontal" method="post" action="../add/">{% csrf_token %}<div class="form-group"><label for="inputEmail3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">学号</label><div class="col-sm-3"><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入学号" name="student_no"/></div></div><div class="form-group"><label for="inputEmail3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">姓名</label><div class="col-sm-3"><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入姓名" name="student_name"/></div></div><div class="form-group"><div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10"><button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Sign in</button></div></div></form></div></div></body></html>学生信息编辑页
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>学生修改</title><!-- 最新版本的 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous"><!-- 可选的 Bootstrap 主题文件（一般不用引入） --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css"integrity="sha384-rHyoN1iRsVXV4nD0JutlnGaslCJuC7uwjduW9SVrLvRYooPp2bWYgmgJQIXwl/Sp" crossorigin="anonymous"><!-- 最新的 Bootstrap 核心 JavaScript 文件 --><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"integrity="sha384-Tc5IQib027qvyjSMfHjOMaLkfuWVxZxUPnCJA7l2mCWNIpG9mGCD8wGNIcPD7Txa"crossorigin="anonymous"></script></head><body><div class="container page-header"><div class="container page-body"><form class="form-horizontal" method="post" action="../edit/">{% csrf_token %}<input type="hidden" name="id" value="{{ student.id }}"/><div class="form-group"><label for="inputEmail3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">学号</label><div class="col-sm-3"><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Text input" name="student_no" value="{{ student.student_no }}"/></div></div><div class="form-group"><label for="inputEmail3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">姓名</label><div class="col-sm-3"><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Text input" name="student_name" value="{{ student.student_name }}"/></div></div><div class="form-group"><div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10"><button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">修改</button></div></div></form></div></div></body></html>8）启动web服务
Terminal终端输入以下命令启动web服务
python manage.py runserver服务启动后,打开浏览器输入http://127.0.0.1:8000/Web即可进入学生信息管理列表页
