四大函数式接口

函数式接口：只有一个方法的接口 ，例如：Runnable接口

Function

函数型接口，有一个输入参数，有一个输出

源码：

/** * Represents a function that accepts one argument and produces a result. * * This is a functional interface * whose functional method is apply(Object). * * @param  the type of the input to the function * @param  the type of the result of the function * * @since 1.8 */@FunctionalInterfacepublic interface Function<T, R> {/** * Applies this function to the given argument. * * @param t the function argument * @return the function result */R apply(T t);

示例：

package function;import java.util.function.Function;/** * * Function 函数型接口，有一个输入参数，有一个输出 * 只要是函数式接口，就可以用lambda表达式 */public class Demo01 {public static void main(String[] args) {// 匿名内部类，工具类，输出输入的结果//Function function = new Function() {//@Override//public String apply(String s) {////return null;//}//};// 使用lambda表达式Function function = (str)->{return str;};System.out.println(function.apply("abc"));}}

Predicate

断定型接口：只有一个输入参数，返回值为boolean

源码：

/** * Represents a predicate (boolean-valued function) of one argument. * * This is a functional interface * whose functional method is test(Object). * * @param  the type of the input to the predicate * * @since 1.8 */@FunctionalInterfacepublic interface Predicate<T> {/** * Evaluates this predicate on the given argument. * * @param t the input argument * @return {@code true} if the input argument matches the predicate, * otherwise {@code false} */boolean test(T t);

示例

package function;import java.util.function.Predicate;/** * * 断定型接口：有一个输入参数，返回值为boolean */public class Demo02 {public static void main(String[] args) {// 判断字符串是否为空//Predicate predicate = new Predicate() {//@Override//public boolean test(String s) {//return s.isEmpty();//}//};// 函数型接口+lambda表达式，使代码看起来更加简洁Predicate<String> predicate = (s)->{return s.isEmpty();};System.out.println(predicate.test(""));}}

Consumer

消费型接口，有一个参数，没有返回值

源码：

/** * Represents an operation that accepts a single input argument and returns no * result. Unlike most other functional interfaces, {@code Consumer} is expected * to operate via side-effects. * * 
This is afunctional interface * whose functional method is accept(Object). * * @param  the type of the input to the operation * * @since 1.8 */@FunctionalInterfacepublic interface Consumer<T> {/** * Performs this operation on the given argument. * * @param t the input argument */void accept(T t);

示例

package function;import javax.lang.model.element.NestingKind;import java.util.function.Consumer;/** * * Consumer 消费型接口：只有输入，没有返回值 */public class Demo03 {public static void main(String[] args) {//Consumer consumer = new Consumer() {//@Override//public void accept(String s) {//System.out.println(s);//}//};Consumer<String> consumer = (s)->{System.out.println(s);};consumer.accept("asd");}}

Supplier

供给型接口：没有参数，只有返回值

源码：

/** * Represents a supplier of results. * * There is no requirement that a new or distinct result be returned each * time the supplier is invoked. * * <This is a functional interface * whose functional method isget(). * * @param  the type of results supplied by this supplier * * @since 1.8 */@FunctionalInterfacepublic interface Supplier<T> {/** * Gets a result. * * @return a result */T get();}

示例

package function;import java.util.function.Supplier;/** * * 供给型接口：没有参数，只有返回值 */public class Demo04 {public static void main(String[] args) {//Supplier supplier = new Supplier() {////@Override//public Integer get() {//return 1024;//}//};Supplier<Integer> supplier= ()->{return 1024;};System.out.println(supplier.get());}}

为什么要学习函数式接口？

  • 简化编程模型，使代码更加可读易懂

  • 在新版本的框架底层中，函数式接口有大量的应用