目录
1.绘制折线图
2.绘制散点图
3.绘制直方图
4.绘制饼图
5.绘制箱线图
1.绘制折线图
import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as np%matplotlib inlinex = np.arange(9)y = np.sin(x)z = np.cos(x)# marker数据点样式,linewidth线宽,linestyle线型样式,#color表示颜色plt.plot(x, y, marker='*', linewidth=1, linestyle='--', color='orange')plt.plot(x, z)plt.title('matplotlib')plt.xlabel('height',fontsize=15)plt.ylabel('width',fontsize=15)# 设置图例plt.legend(['Y','Z'], loc='upper right')plt.grid(True)plt.show()
结果图:
2.绘制散点图
示例1:
fig,ax = plt.subplots()plt.rcParams['font.family'] = ['SimHei'] plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False x1 = np.arange(1,30)y1 = np.sin(x1)ax1 = plt.subplot(1,1,1)plt.title('散点图')plt.xlabel('X')plt.ylabel('Y')lvalue = x1ax1.scatter(x1,y1,c='c' ,s = 100,linewidths = lvalue,marker = 'o')plt.legend('x1')plt.show()
结果图:
示例2:
fig,ax=plt.subplots()plt.rcParams['font.family']=['SimHei']#用来显示中文标签plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False#用来正常显示负号for color in ['red','green','blue']:n=500x,y=np.random.randn(2,n)ax.scatter(x,y,c=color,label=color,alpha=0.3,edgecolors='none')ax.legend()ax.grid(True)plt.show()
结果图:
3.绘制直方图
fig,axes = plt.subplots(2,1)data = pd.Series(np.random.randn(16),index = list('abcdefghijklmnop'))data.plot.bar(ax = axes[0],color = 'k',alpha = 0.7) #垂直柱状图 data.plot.barh(ax = axes[1],color = 'k',alpha = 0.7) #alpha设置透明度
结果图:
4.绘制饼图
plt.figure(figsize = (6,6))#建立轴的大小labels = 'Springs','Summer','Autumn','Winter'x = [15,30,45,10]explode = (0.05,0.05,0.05,0.1)#这个是控制分离的距离的,默认饼图不分离plt.pie(x,labels = labels,explode = explode,startangle = 60,autopct = '%1.1f%%')#qutopct在图中显示比例值,注意值的格式plt.title('Rany days by season')plt.tick_params(labelsize = 12)plt.show()
结果图:
5.绘制箱线图
np.random.seed(0)#设置随机种子df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(5,4),columns = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'])#生成0-1之间的5*4维度数据并存入4列DataFrame中df.boxplot()#也可用plot.box()plt.show()
结果图: