项目中,在列表向上滚动时,有时需要将某个控件置顶,这就是我们常见的吸顶效果。

1. UITableView 吸顶效果

UITableView是自带吸顶效果,我们把需要置顶的控件设置为SectionHeaderView,这样在滚动时,该控件会自动置顶。

- (UITableView *)tableView {if (!_tableView) {_tableView = [[UKNestedTableView alloc] init];_tableView.bounces = NO;_tableView.showsVerticalScrollIndicator = NO;_tableView.delegate = self;_tableView.dataSource = self;[_tableView registerClass:[UITableViewCell class] forCellReuseIdentifier:@"CellId"];}return _tableView;}#pragma mark - UITableViewDataSource -- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView {return 2;}- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section {if (section == 0) {return 1;}return 20;}- (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {if (indexPath.section == 0) {return 150;}return 60;}- (UIView *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView viewForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section {if (section == 1) {UIView *headerView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, kScreenWidth, 50)];headerView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];return headerView;}return nil;}- (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section {if (section == 1) {return 50;}return 0;}- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"CellId" forIndexPath:indexPath];if (indexPath.section == 0) {cell.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];cell.textLabel.text = @"section 0";} else {if (indexPath.row % 2 == 0) {cell.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];} else {cell.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];}cell.textLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"item - %ld", indexPath.row];}return cell;}

自定义UKNestedTableView

@implementation UKNestedTableView- (instancetype)init {self = [super initWithFrame:CGRectZero style:UITableViewStylePlain];if (self) {self.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];self.separatorColor = [UIColor clearColor];self.separatorStyle = UITableViewCellSeparatorStyleNone;if (@available(iOS 11.0, *)) {self.contentInsetAdjustmentBehavior = UIScrollViewContentInsetAdjustmentNever;}self.estimatedRowHeight = 0.000;self.estimatedSectionHeaderHeight = 0.000;self.estimatedSectionFooterHeight = 0.000;if (@available(iOS 13.0,*)) {self.automaticallyAdjustsScrollIndicatorInsets = NO;}if (@available(iOS 15.0,*)) { // 去除表格头留白self.sectionHeaderTopPadding = YES; }}return self;}@end

效果如下

2. 带TabView的吸顶效果

UITableView的吸顶效果能满足部分的要求,但在实际应用中,需要置顶的往往是一些标签页,对应的也是多个列表。

我们用UKTabView作为置顶的控件,并对应多个内容。

- (UKTabView *)tabView {if (!_tabView) {_tabView = [[UKTabView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, kScreenWidth, 50)];[_tabView setIndicatorWidth:80 height:2 radius:1 color:[UIColor blueColor]];UKCustomTabItemView *tabItemView1 = [[UKCustomTabItemView alloc] init];[tabItemView1 setText:@"选项1"];[_tabView addItemView:tabItemView1];UKCustomTabItemView *tabItemView2 = [[UKCustomTabItemView alloc] init];[tabItemView2 setText:@"选项2"];[_tabView addItemView:tabItemView2];_tabView.delegate = self;[_tabView setSelection:0];}return _tabView;}- (UIView *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView viewForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section {if (section == 1) {return self.tabView;}return nil;}- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"CellId" forIndexPath:indexPath];if (indexPath.section == 0) {cell.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];cell.textLabel.text = @"section 0";} else {if (indexPath.row % 2 == 0) {if (self.selection == 0) {cell.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];} else {cell.backgroundColor = [UIColor darkGrayColor];}} else {cell.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];}cell.textLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"item %ld - %ld", self.selection, indexPath.row];}return cell;}#pragma mark - UKTabViewDelegate -- (void)onTabViewSelected:(UKTabView *)tabView position:(NSInteger)position {self.selection = position;[self.tableView reloadData];}

效果如下

上述的方法简单地实现了标签页置顶和选项卡切换功能,但由于我们只能共用一个列表,所以会发生两个标签页都滚动的现象。

为此,我们需要优化滚动的偏移,首先在滚动结束时记录偏移量,然后在切换标签页时设置原有的偏移量。

@property(nonatomic, assign) NSInteger selection;@property(nonatomic, assign) CGFloat tab1Offset;@property(nonatomic, assign) CGFloat tab2Offset;// 拖动结束- (void)scrollViewDidEndDragging:(UIScrollView *)scrollView willDecelerate:(BOOL)decelerate {NSLog(@"scrollViewDidEndDragging");[self recordOffset:scrollView];}// 滚动结束- (void)scrollViewDidEndDecelerating:(UIScrollView *)scrollView {NSLog(@"scrollViewDidEndDecelerating");[self recordOffset:scrollView];}- (void)recordOffset:(UIScrollView *)scrollView {if (self.selection == 0) {self.tab1Offset = scrollView.contentOffset.y;NSLog(@"tab1Offset = %.2f", self.tab1Offset);} else if (self.selection == 1) {self.tab2Offset = scrollView.contentOffset.y;NSLog(@"tab2Offset = %.2f", self.tab2Offset);}}

在切换标签页时,设置实际的偏移量

- (void)onTabViewSelected:(UKTabView *)tabView position:(NSInteger)position {self.selection = position;[self.tableView reloadData];// 有时设置tableView.contentOffset无效,需要提前刷新[self.tableView layoutIfNeeded];if (position == 0) {self.tableView.contentOffset = CGPointMake(0, self.tab1Offset);} else if (position == 1) {self.tableView.contentOffset = CGPointMake(0, self.tab2Offset);}}

效果如下

虽然我们记录了原有的偏移量,但从实际的效果来看,切换时TabView会在同样的位置,闪烁比较严重。为此,我们需要尽量保持TabView的位置。

- (void)onTabViewSelected:(UKTabView *)tabView position:(NSInteger)position {self.selection = position;[self.tableView reloadData];[self.tableView layoutIfNeeded];if (position == 0) {self.tab1Offset = [self getDestOffset:self.tab1Offset originOffset:self.tab2Offset];self.tableView.contentOffset = CGPointMake(0, self.tab1Offset);} else if (position == 1) {self.tab2Offset = [self getDestOffset:self.tab2Offset originOffset:self.tab1Offset];self.tableView.contentOffset = CGPointMake(0, self.tab2Offset);}}// 如果TabView已经置顶,切换时保持置顶。// 1、如果切换后的内容已经置顶,保持原有效果// 2、如果切换后的内容没有置顶,修改切换后的内容为置顶// 如果TabView没有制度,切换后保持一致- (CGFloat)getDestOffset:(CGFloat)destOffset originOffset:(CGFloat)originOffset {if (originOffset >= 150) {if (destOffset >= 150) {return destOffset;} else {return 150;}} else {return originOffset;}}

效果如下

虽然现在的方案已经解决了大部分的需求,但还是留下了一点瑕疵,

  1. 内容只能用UIScrollView显示
  2. 为了保持UKTableView保持位置不变,不能完全保证内容的偏移位置。
  3. 如果一个内容较短的情况下,依然会有偏移量的问题,虽然我们可以通过填充空白内容来改善这个问题,但又增加了很多工作量。
  4. 内容切换时没有平顺的效果。

3. UITableView+UICollectionView嵌套

为了尽可能的完善我们的吸顶效果,我们尝试用UITableView+UICollectionView的组合来实现吸顶和左右滑动二种效果。

我们自定义UKNestedScrollView

@interface UKNestedScrollView()@property(nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray <UITableView *> *contentViewArray;@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL dragging;@end@implementation UKNestedScrollView- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {self = [super initWithFrame:frame];if (self) {[self setupInitialUI];}return self;}// 设置表头- (void)setHeaderView:(UIView *)headerView {self.tableView.tableHeaderView = headerView;self.headerHeight = headerView.frame.size.height;}// 添加标签页和内容- (void)addTabView:(UKTabItemView *)itemView contentView:(UITableView *)contentView {[self.tabView addItemView:itemView];[self.contentViewArray addObject:contentView];[self.collectionView reloadData];}- (void)setupInitialUI {// UKNestedScrollView包含一个UITableView[self addSubview:self.tableView];[self.tableView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {make.left.right.top.bottom.equalTo(self);}];}- (UITableView *)tableView {if (!_tableView) {_tableView = [[UKNestedTableView alloc] init];_tableView.bounces = NO;_tableView.showsVerticalScrollIndicator = NO;_tableView.delegate = self;_tableView.dataSource = self;[_tableView registerClass:[UITableViewCell class] forCellReuseIdentifier:@"CellId"];}return _tableView;}- (UITableView *)tableView {if (!_tableView) {_tableView = [[UKNestedTableView alloc] init];_tableView.bounces = NO;_tableView.showsVerticalScrollIndicator = NO;_tableView.delegate = self;_tableView.dataSource = self;[_tableView registerClass:[UITableViewCell class] forCellReuseIdentifier:@"CellId"];}return _tableView;}// SectionHeaderView包含UKTabView和UICollectionView- (UIView *)sectionHeaderView {if (!_sectionHeaderView) {_sectionHeaderView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:self.frame];[_sectionHeaderView addSubview:self.tabView];[_sectionHeaderView addSubview:self.collectionView];}return _sectionHeaderView;}- (UKTabView *)tabView {if (!_tabView) {_tabView = [[UKTabView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, self.frame.size.width, 50)];[_tabView setIndicatorWidth:80 height:2 radius:1 color:[UIColor blueColor]];_tabView.delegate = self;}return _tabView;}- (UICollectionView *)collectionView {if (!_collectionView) {UICollectionViewFlowLayout *layout = [[UICollectionViewFlowLayout alloc] init];layout.scrollDirection = UICollectionViewScrollDirectionHorizontal;layout.itemSize = CGSizeMake(self.frame.size.width, self.frame.size.height - 50);layout.minimumLineSpacing = CGFLOAT_MIN;layout.minimumInteritemSpacing = CGFLOAT_MIN;_collectionView = [[UICollectionView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 50, self.frame.size.width, self.frame.size.height - 50) collectionViewLayout:layout];_collectionView.pagingEnabled = YES;_collectionView.bounces = NO;_collectionView.showsHorizontalScrollIndicator = NO;_collectionView.dataSource = self;_collectionView.delegate = self;[_collectionView registerClass:[UICollectionViewCell class] forCellWithReuseIdentifier:@"CellId"];}return _collectionView;}#pragma mark - UITableViewDataSource -- (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section {return self.frame.size.height;}- (UIView *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView viewForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section {return self.sectionHeaderView;}- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section {return 0;}- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {return [[UITableViewCell alloc] init];}#pragma mark - UICollectionViewDataSource -- (NSInteger)collectionView:(UICollectionView *)collectionView numberOfItemsInSection:(NSInteger)section {return self.contentViewArray.count;}- (__kindof UICollectionViewCell *)collectionView:(UICollectionView *)collectionView cellForItemAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {UICollectionViewCell *cell = [collectionView dequeueReusableCellWithReuseIdentifier:@"CellId" forIndexPath:indexPath];UITableView *contentView = self.contentViewArray[indexPath.row];[contentView removeFromSuperview];[cell.contentView addSubview:contentView];[contentView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {make.left.right.top.bottom.equalTo(cell.contentView);}];return cell;}#pragma mark - UIScrollViewDelegate -- (void)scrollViewWillBeginDragging:(UIScrollView *)scrollView {if (scrollView == self.collectionView) {self.dragging = YES;}}- (void)scrollViewDidScroll:(UIScrollView *)scrollView {if (scrollView == self.collectionView) {if (self.dragging) {CGFloat width = scrollView.contentOffset.x;NSInteger page = width/self.frame.size.width + 0.5;[self.tabView setSelection:page offsetRatio:(width/self.frame.size.width - page)];}}}- (void)scrollViewDidEndDecelerating:(UIScrollView *)scrollView {if (scrollView == self.collectionView) {CGFloat width = scrollView.contentOffset.x;NSInteger page = width/self.frame.size.width + 0.5;[self.tabView setSelection:page];self.dragging = NO;}}- (void)scrollViewDidEndDragging:(UIScrollView *)scrollView willDecelerate:(BOOL)decelerate {if (scrollView == self.collectionView && !decelerate) {CGFloat width = scrollView.contentOffset.x;NSInteger page = width/self.frame.size.width + 0.5;[self.tabView setSelection:page];self.dragging = NO;}} #pragma mark - UKTabViewDelegate -- (void)onTabViewSelected:(UKTabView *)tabView position:(NSInteger)position {[self collectionViewScrollToPosition:position];}

为了让UICollectionView内的手势能被UITableView接收,需要在UKNestedTableView里面加上

- (BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer {return YES;}

显示如下

我们可以看到当列表滑动时,两个列表都在滑动,而且里面的内容的滑动更快。这主要是因为例外两个列表都在滑动,所以里面的列表其实是两个滑动距离相加,所有我们需要在外面列表滑动时,禁止里面列表的滑动。

if (scrollView == self.tableView) {self.offset = self.tableView.contentOffset.y;// changed表示外面列表在滑动self.changed = YES;} else {NSInteger position = 0;for (UIScrollView *contentView in self.contentViewArray) {if (contentView == scrollView) {// 如果外面列表滑动,禁止里面列表滑动事件if (self.changed) {scrollView.contentOffset = CGPointMake(0, [self.offsetArray[position] floatValue]);self.changed = NO;} else {// 记录当前页面偏移量,方便后面禁止事件self.offsetArray[position] = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:scrollView.contentOffset.y];} break;}position++;}}

效果如下

现在的效果已经基本满足了我们的需求,有吸顶效果、能左右滑动、能记录列表偏移量,内容滑动时也比较平顺了。

最后我们尝试了一下下拉时控制内容先下拉,也许后面有用

if (scrollView == self.tableView) {self.originOffset = self.offset;self.offset = self.tableView.contentOffset.y;self.changed = YES;} else {NSInteger position = 0;for (UIScrollView *contentView in self.contentViewArray) {if (contentView == scrollView) {CGFloat scrollViewOffset = scrollView.contentOffset.y - [self.offsetArray[position] floatValue];if (scrollViewOffset > 0) {if (self.changed) {scrollView.contentOffset = CGPointMake(0, [self.offsetArray[position] floatValue]);self.changed = NO;} else {self.offsetArray[position] = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:scrollView.contentOffset.y];}} else if (scrollViewOffset < 0) {if (self.changed) {self.offset = self.originOffset;self.tableView.delegate = nil;self.tableView.contentOffset = CGPointMake(0, self.offset);self.tableView.delegate = self;self.changed = NO;}self.offsetArray[position] = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:scrollView.contentOffset.y];}break;}position++;}}