1、什么是动态路由?
2、动态路由的好处
3、动态路由如何实现

1、什么是动态路由?

动态路由,动态即不是写死的,是可变的。我们可以根据自己不同的需求加载不同的路由,做到不同的实现及页面的渲染。动态的路由存储可分为两种,一种是将路由存储到前端。另一种则是将路由存储到数据库。动态路由的使用一般结合角色权限控制一起使用。
总结:

     1)路由可变,不是写死的,动态加载     2)存储分两种:存前端,存数据库

2、动态路由的好处

使用动态路由可以跟灵活,无需手工维护,我们可以使用一个页面对路由进行维护。如果将路由存储到数据库,还可以增加安全性。
总结:

     1)灵活,无需手工维护     2)增加安全性

3、动态路由如何实现

在此以路由存储在数据库为例
流程:一般我们在登录的时候,根据登录用户的角色返回此角色可以访问的页面的路由,前端将路由存储到vuex(vuex存储的数据必须可持久的,不要一刷新页面就不见),我们在路由前置守卫处动态添加拿到的路由,对页面进行渲染。

1)此为我的router目录,index.js对路由添加,守卫拦截等处理。static-route.js为前端定义的静态路由,不需要动态加载的,如登陆页面,忘记密码页面,404页面等。

index.js

import Vue from 'vue'import $cookies from 'vue-cookies'import VueRouter from 'vue-router'import store from '../store'import staticRoute from './static-route.js'​​​Vue.use(VueRouter)​​const router = new VueRouter({mode: 'history',base: process.env.BASE_URL,routes: staticRoute //staticRoute为静态路由,不需动态添加})let isToken = truerouter.beforeEach(async (to, from, next) => {//定义isToken为true和vuex不为空时添加路由if (isToken && store.state.routers.routers.length != 0) {//从vuex中获取动态路由const accessRouteses = await store.state.routers.routers;//动态路由循环解析和添加accessRouteses.forEach(v => {v.children = routerChildren(v.children);v.component = routerCom(v.component);router.addRoute(v); //添加})isToken = false //将isToken赋为 false ,否则会一直循环,崩溃next({...to, // next({ ...to })的目的,是保证路由添加完了再进入页面 (可以理解为重进一次)replace: true, // 重进一次, 不保留重复历史})} else {if (to.name == null) {next("/404")} else {if (to.meta.title) { //判断是否有标题document.title = to.meta.title //给相应页面添加标题}next()}}})function routerCom(path) { //对路由的component解析return (resolve) => require([`@/views/${path}`], resolve);}function routerChildren(children) { //对子路由的component解析children.forEach(v => {v.component = routerCom(v.component);if (v.children != undefined) {v.children = routerChildren(v.children)}})return children}​​export default router​

2)登陆成功后将获取到的动态路由存储到vuex

vuex—>index.js

import Vue from 'vue'import Vuex from 'vuex'//数据持久化import createPersistedState from "vuex-persistedstate";​Vue.use(Vuex)const routers = {  namespaced: true,  state: () => ({    routers:"",  }),  mutations: {    routers(state, newsdata) {      state.routers = newsdata    },},  actions: {    routers(context) {      context.commit('routers')    },  },  getters: {    routers(state) {      console.log("getters", state)      return state.routers    },      }}​​const store = new Vuex.Store({  modules: {    routers: routers,  },    // 数据持久化  plugins: [createPersistedState({    //key是存储数据的键名    key: 'routersData',    //paths是存储state中的那些数据,如果是模块下具体的数据需要加上模块名称,如user.token      paths: ["routers.routers"]  })]})​​export default store

我的动态路由模板

//动态路由const dynamicRoute = [{  "path": "/main",  "name": "main",  "redirect": "/main/index",  "component": "main/main.vue",  "children": [{      "path": "index",      "name": "index",      "component": "index/index.vue",      "meta": {        "name": "index",        "title": "首页",        "icon": "el-icon-location",        "menu":true //true为菜单栏      }    },    {      "path": "Configuration",      "name": "Configuration",      "redirect": "Configuration/route",      "component": "Configuration/index.vue",      "roles": ['developer', "admin"], //  developer、admin角色的用户才能访问该页面      "meta": {        "title": "配置",        "icon": "el-icon-location",        "menu":true      },      "children": [{          "path": "route",          "name": "route",          "component": "Configuration/route/index.vue",          "meta": {            "title": "菜单",            "icon": "",            "menu":true          },        }, {          "path": "user",          "name": "user",          "component": "Configuration/user/index.vue",          "meta": {            "title": "用户管理",            "icon": "el-icon-location",            "menu":true          },        },        {          "path": "admin",          "name": "admin",          "component": "Configuration/admin/index.vue",          "meta": {            "title": "管理员管理",            "icon": "",            "menu":true          },        },                {          "path": "userEdit",          "name": "userEdit",          "component": "Configuration/user/user-Edit.vue",          "meta": {            "title": "编辑用户",            "icon": "",            "menu":false          },        },        ]    },    {      "path": "check",      "name": "check",      "redirect": "check/user",      "component": "check/index.vue",      "roles": ['developer', "admin", "check"], //  developer、admin角色的用户才能访问该页面      "meta": {        "title": "审核",        "icon": "el-icon-location",        "menu":true      },      "children": [{          "path": "user",          "name": "checkUser",          "component": "check/check-user/index.vue",          "meta": {            "title": "用户实名审核",            "icon": "el-icon-location",            "menu":true          }        },        {          "path": "enterprise",          "name": "checkEnterprise",          "component": "check/check-enterprise/index.vue",          "meta": {            "title": "企业认证审核",            "icon": "el-icon-location",            "menu":true          },        },        {          "path": "checkNormImage",          "name": "checkNormImage",          "component": "check/check-norm-image/index.vue",          "meta": {            "title": "标准照认证审核",            "icon": "el-icon-location",            "menu":true          },        },        {          "path": "checkHiringJobs",          "name": "checkHiringJobs",          "component": "check/check-hiring-Jobs/index.vue",          "meta": {            "title": "求职、招聘认证审核",            "icon": "el-icon-location",            "menu":true          },        }      ]}  ]}, ]export default dynamicRoute

路由管理界面(可能有不完善的地方)

讲一讲遇到的坑及注意点

  1. “component”: “check/check-norm-image/index.vue”, 用字符串再在解析,不要像静态路由一样。否则第一次进去可以,刷新就变空白

  2. 此处为重要的一点,直接用next()不行

next({      ...to, // next({ ...to })的目的,是保证路由添加完了再进入页面 (可以理解为重进一次)      replace: true, // 重进一次, 不保留重复历史    })

3)由于添加完路由还会重复执行一遍路由守卫,所有必须确保不要一直死循环添加路由。否则直接崩溃。这里我用的是isToken变量确保不循环。

分享:

走进了一间屋子,如果你是最牛的人,那么你就走错了地方。我的理解:你将没有进步的空间,止步于此。