目录
- 1、game.h
- 2、test.c
- 3、game.c
- 4、游戏功能详解
- (1)、棋盘初始化
- (2)、棋盘的打印
- (3)、玩家下棋
- (4)、电脑下棋
- (5)、判断游戏输赢
- (6)、判断棋盘是否满了
- 5、AI算法下棋
- (1)、判断自己是否会赢(CheckComputer)
- (2)、对玩家进行拦截(CheckPlayer)
- (3)、加入AI算法后game.c的改动
1、game.h
game.h：自定义头文件，用于：
- 库函数头文件的包含
- 符号与结构的声明
- 函数的定义
//防止头文件被重复包含#pragma once//头文件的包含#include#include#include//符号的定义：使棋盘的大小可以跟着row和col的改变而改变#define ROW 5#define COL 5//函数的声明//棋盘初始化void BoardInit(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//打印棋盘void BoardPrint(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//玩家下棋void PlayerMove(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//电脑下棋void ComputerMove(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//判断输赢char IsWin(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col);//判断棋盘是否满了int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);2、test.c
test.c：用于游戏逻辑的测试
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1//自定义头文件的包含#include"game.h"void menu(){printf("================================\n");printf("========= 1. play ==========\n");printf("========= 0. exit ==========\n");printf("================================\n");}//游戏逻辑的实现void game(){//定义一个二维数组来存储下棋的数据char arr[ROW][COL] = { 0 };//棋盘初始化BoardInit(arr, ROW, COL);//打印棋盘BoardPrint(arr, ROW, COL);char ch = 0;while (1){//玩家下棋PlayerMove(arr, ROW, COL);//打印棋盘BoardPrint(arr, ROW, COL);//判断输赢ch = IsWin(arr, ROW, COL);if (ch != 'C')break;//电脑下棋ComputerMove(arr, ROW, COL);//打印棋盘BoardPrint(arr, ROW, COL);//判断输赢ch = IsWin(arr, ROW, COL);if (ch != 'C')break;}if (ch == '*')printf("直接拿下！\n");else if (ch == '#')printf("你竟然打不过人机！\n");elseprintf("平局，得加油啊！\n");}int main(){int input = 0;//设置随机数种子srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));do {//菜单menu();printf("请选择：>");scanf("%d", &input);switch (input) {case 1://玩游戏game();break;case 0:printf("退出游戏\n");break;default:printf("输入错误，请重新输入!\n");break;}} while (input);return 0;}3、game.c
game.c：游戏功能的实现
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1//自定义头文件的包含#include"game.h"//函数的定义//棋盘初始化void BoardInit(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){for (j = 0; j < col; j++){arr[i][j] = ' ';}}}//打印棋盘void BoardPrint(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){//打印分割竖向分割for (j = 0; j < col; j++){printf(" %c ", arr[i][j]);if (j < col - 1)printf("|");}//一行完毕之后打印分隔符printf("\n");//打印横向分割if (i < row - 1) //最后一行不打印横线分隔符{for (j = 0; j < col; j++){printf("---");if (j < col - 1)printf("|");}}//一行完毕之后打印分隔符printf("\n");}}//玩家下棋void PlayerMove(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col){//获取玩家坐标int x = 0;int y = 0;printf("玩家下棋\n");while (1){printf("请输入坐标:>");scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);//判断坐标合法性if ((x >= 1 && x <= row) && (y >= 1 && y <= col)){//把玩家坐标对应数组下标x -= 1;y -= 1;//判断坐标是否被占用if (arr[x][y] == ' '){arr[x][y] = '*'; //假设玩家为*号break;}else{printf("该坐标已被占用\n");}}else{printf("坐标非法\n");}}}//电脑下棋void ComputerMove(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col){printf("电脑下棋\n");while (1){//在主函数生成种子srand//随机生成范围内的坐标int x = rand() % row;int y = rand() % col;//判断坐标是否被占用if (arr[x][y] == ' '){arr[x][y] = '#'; //假设电脑为#号break;}}}//判断输赢char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){/** 约定返回*代表玩家赢* 返回#代表电脑赢* 返回D代表平局* 返回C代表继续*/int i = 0;int j = 0;//判断行for (i = 0; i < row; i++){int count = 0; //标记相同棋子的个数for (j = 0; j < col - 1; j++){if (board[i][j] == board[i][j + 1] && board[i][j] != ' ')count++;}if (count == col - 1) //一次判断有两个棋子return board[i][j];}//判断列for (i = 0; i < col; i++){int count = 0;for (j = 0; j < row - 1; j++){if (board[j][i] == board[j + 1][i] && board[j][i] != ' '){count++;}}if (count == row - 1)return board[j][i];}//判断两条斜边//第一条int count = 0;for (i = 0, j = 0; i < row - 1 && j < col - 1; i++, j++){if (board[i][j] == board[i + 1][j + 1] && board[i][j] != ' ')count++;}if (count == row - 1)return board[i][j];//第二条count = 0; //把count重新置为0（易错）//注意：这里i+1,j-1，所以i小于row-1,j>0,而不是i=0（易错）for (i = 0, j = col - 1; i < row - 1 && j > 0; i++, j--){if (board[i][j] == board[i + 1][j - 1] && board[i][j] != ' ')count++;}if (count == row - 1)return board[i][j];//判断棋盘是否满了if (IsFull(board, row, col)){return 'D';}//如果上述情况都没有返回，游戏继续return 'C';}//判断棋盘是否满了if (IsFull(board, row, col)){return 'D';}//如果上述情况都没有返回，游戏继续return 'C';}//判断棋盘是否满了int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){for (j = 0; j < col; j++){if (board[i][j] == ' ')return 0; //有空格就返回0}}return 1;}4、游戏功能详解
(1)、棋盘初始化
void BoardInit(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){for (j = 0; j < col; j++){arr[i][j] = ' ';}}}(2)、棋盘的打印
void BoardPrint(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){//打印分割竖向分割for (j = 0; j < col; j++){printf(" %c ", arr[i][j]);if (j < col - 1)printf("|");}//一行完毕之后打印分隔符printf("\n");//打印横向分割if (i < row - 1) //最后一行不打印横线分隔符{for (j = 0; j < col; j++){printf("---");if (j < col - 1)printf("|");}}//一行完毕之后打印分隔符printf("\n");}}(3)、玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col){//获取玩家坐标int x = 0;int y = 0;printf("玩家下棋\n");while (1){printf("请输入坐标:>");scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);//判断坐标合法性if ((x >= 1 && x <= row) && (y >= 1 && y <= col)){//把玩家坐标对应数组下标x -= 1;y -= 1;//判断坐标是否被占用if (arr[x][y] == ' '){arr[x][y] = '*'; //假设玩家为*号break;}else{printf("该坐标已被占用\n");}}else{printf("坐标非法\n");}}}(4)、电脑下棋
void ComputerMove(char arr[ROW][COL], int row, int col){printf("电脑下棋\n");while (1){//在主函数生成种子srand//随机生成范围内的坐标int x = rand() % row;int y = rand() % col;//判断坐标是否被占用if (arr[x][y] == ' '){arr[x][y] = '#'; //假设电脑为#号break;}}}(5)、判断游戏输赢
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){/** 约定返回*代表玩家赢* 返回#代表电脑赢* 返回D代表平局* 返回C代表继续*/int i = 0;int j = 0;//判断行for (i = 0; i < row; i++){int count = 0; //标记相同棋子的个数for (j = 0; j < col - 1; j++){if (board[i][j] == board[i][j + 1] && board[i][j] != ' ')count++;}if (count == col - 1) //一次判断有两个棋子return board[i][j];}//判断列for (i = 0; i < col; i++){int count = 0;for (j = 0; j < row - 1; j++){if (board[j][i] == board[j + 1][i] && board[j][i] != ' '){count++;}}if (count == row - 1)return board[j][i];}//判断两条斜边//第一条int count = 0;for (i = 0, j = 0; i < row - 1 && j < col - 1; i++, j++){if (board[i][j] == board[i + 1][j + 1] && board[i][j] != ' ')count++;}if (count == row - 1)return board[i][j];//第二条count = 0; //把count重新置为0（易错）//注意：这里i+1,j-1，所以i小于row-1,j>0,而不是i=0（易错）for (i = 0, j = col - 1; i < row - 1 && j > 0; i++, j--){if (board[i][j] == board[i + 1][j - 1] && board[i][j] != ' ')count++;}if (count == row - 1)return board[i][j];//判断棋盘是否满了if (IsFull(board, row, col)){return 'D';}//如果上述情况都没有返回，游戏继续return 'C';}//判断棋盘是否满了if (IsFull(board, row, col)){return 'D';}//如果上述情况都没有返回，游戏继续return 'C';}(6)、判断棋盘是否满了
int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){for (j = 0; j < col; j++){if (board[i][j] == ' ')return 0; //有空格就返回0}}return 1;}5、AI算法下棋
大家可以发现，在上面的代码中，电脑下棋是非常笨拙的，因为电脑产生的坐标是随机的，即不会拦截玩家，也不会判断自己，所以这里我们可以设计一个小小的算法来让电脑变得聪明起来，让它拥有拦截和判断功能。具体思路和代码如下：
(1)、判断自己是否会赢(CheckComputer)
//电脑检查自己是否会赢//约定如果在函数内部成功判断就返回1//判断失败则返回0int CheckComputer(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;//判断每一行是否有两个相连的棋子，如果有，且第三个棋格为空，则落棋for (i = 0; i < row; i++){if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][0] == '#' && board[i][2] == ' '){board[i][2] = '#';return 1; //成功判断，返回1}if (board[i][0] == board[i][2] && board[i][0] == '#' && board[i][1] == ' '){board[i][1] = '#';return 1;}if (board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][1] == '#' && board[i][0] == ' '){board[i][0] = '#';return 1;}}//判断每一列是否有两个相连的棋子，如果有，且第三个棋格为空，则落棋for (j = 0; j < col; j++){if (board[0][j] == board[1][j] && board[0][j] == '#' && board[2][j] == ' '){board[2][j] = '#';return 1;}if (board[0][j] == board[2][j] && board[0][j] == '#' && board[1][j] == ' '){board[1][j] = '#';return 1;}if (board[1][j] == board[2][j] && board[1][j] == '#' && board[0][j] == ' '){board[0][j] = '#';return 1;}}//判断两条对角线是否有两个相连的棋子，如果有，且第三个棋格为空，则落棋{//第一条if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[0][0] == '#' && board[2][2] == ' '){board[2][2] = '#';return 1;}if (board[0][0] == board[2][2] && board[0][0] == '#' && board[1][1] == ' '){board[1][1] = '#';return 1;}if (board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] == '#' && board[0][0] == ' '){board[0][0] = '#';return 1;}//第二条if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[0][2] == '#' && board[2][0] == ' '){board[2][0] = '#';return 1;}if (board[0][2] == board[2][0] && board[0][2] == '#' && board[1][1] == ' '){board[1][1] = '#';return 1;}if (board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] == '#' && board[0][2] == ' '){board[0][2] = '#';return 1;}//如果上面都没返回，说明不符合赢的条件，返回0return 0;}}(2)、对玩家进行拦截(CheckPlayer)
//电脑检查玩家是否会赢(逻辑和CheckComputer完全相同)//约定成功拦截返回1//无需拦截或者拦截不了返回0int CheckPlayer(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;//判断每一行是否有两个相连的棋子，如果有，且第三个棋格为空，则拦截for (i = 0; i < row; i++){if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][0] == '*' && board[i][2] == ' '){board[i][2] = '#';return 1; //成功拦截，返回1}if (board[i][0] == board[i][2] && board[i][0] == '*' && board[i][1] == ' '){board[i][1] = '#';return 1;}if (board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][1] == '*' && board[i][0] == ' '){board[i][0] = '#';return 1;}}//判断每一列是否有两个相连的棋子，如果有，且第三个棋格为空，则拦截for (j = 0; j < col; j++){if (board[0][j] == board[1][j] && board[0][j] == '*' && board[2][j] == ' '){board[2][j] = '#';return 1;}if (board[0][j] == board[2][j] && board[0][j] == '*' && board[1][j] == ' '){board[1][j] = '#';return 1;}if (board[1][j] == board[2][j] && board[1][j] == '*' && board[0][j] == ' '){board[0][j] = '#';return 1;}}//判断两条对角线是否有两个相连的棋子，如果有，且第三个棋格为空，则拦截{//第一条if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[0][0] == '*' && board[2][2] == ' '){board[2][2] = '#';return 1;}if (board[0][0] == board[2][2] && board[0][0] == '*' && board[1][1] == ' '){board[1][1] = '#';return 1;}if (board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] == '*' && board[0][0] == ' '){board[0][0] = '#';return 1;}//第二条if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[0][2] == '*' && board[2][0] == ' '){board[2][0] = '#';return 1;}if (board[0][2] == board[2][0] && board[0][2] == '*' && board[1][1] == ' '){board[1][1] = '#';return 1;}if (board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] == '*' && board[0][2] == ' '){board[0][2] = '#';return 1;}//如果上面都没返回，说明不符合拦截的条件，返回0return 0;}}注意：我这里采用的判断方法是枚举，由于五子棋的枚举情况比较复杂，而我目前也没想到更好的算法来进行判断，所以这里我只写了三子棋的AI判断代码，如果有大佬有更好的算法或者判断思路，欢迎在评论区留言。
(3)、加入AI算法后game.c的改动
上面我们已经完成了CheckComputer和CheckPlayer这两个函数的定义，现在我们只需要把这两个函数实现放入到game.c中并且在在电脑下棋（ComputerMove）中调用这两个函数即可。
//电脑下棋void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){printf("电脑下棋\n");//定义两个标识符变量来接收两个判断函数的返回值int flag1 = 0;int flag2 = 0;flag1 = CheckComputer(board, row, col);//如果flag1 == 0 时才进行flag2 的判断，避免当二者都为1时下两步棋（易错）if (flag1 == 0){flag2 = CheckPlayer(board, row, col);}if (flag1 == 0 && flag2 == 0) //当CheckComputer和CheckPlayer都没落棋时，就随机下{while (1){//在主函数生成种子srand//随机生成范围内的坐标int x = rand() % row;int y = rand() % col;//判断坐标是否被占用if (board[x][y] == ' '){board[x][y] = '#'; //假设电脑为#号break;}}}}注意：这里的AI算法只适用于三子棋，如果要使用的话需要把头文件中的ROW和COL改为3，同时不要忘记在头文件中对两个判断函数进行声明。